Fig. 3: High-angle annular dark-field transmission (HAADF) TEM micrograph of 0.35 at.% Nd:Al2O3 bulk ceramic (optimized sample) with corresponding energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) elemental maps for Al, O, and Nd (L-Lines). | Light: Science & Applications

Fig. 3: High-angle annular dark-field transmission (HAADF) TEM micrograph of 0.35 at.% Nd:Al2O3 bulk ceramic (optimized sample) with corresponding energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) elemental maps for Al, O, and Nd (L-Lines).

From: Gain in polycrystalline Nd-doped alumina: leveraging length scales to create a new class of high-energy, short pulse, tunable laser materials

Fig. 3

The EDS maps reveal that a significant portion of the Nd dopant is found within the matrix. In addition, there is some Nd along some grain boundaries and triple points

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