Fig. 6: Classical models of paraxial VBs.
From: Optical vortices 30 years on: OAM manipulation from topological charge to multiple singularities
a Evolution of the (I) intensity and (II) phase distributions of HLG modes as interposed states between HG and LG modes; b various (I) intensity and (II) phase distributions of IG and HLG modes82; c intensity distributions of a selection of (I) odd and (II) helical Mathieu beams88. (I) Intensity and (II) phase distributions of SU(2) vortex geometric modes for Ω = 1/4 (d) and Ω = 1/397 (e). SHEN spheres with orders of (n, m) = (3, 1) (f) and (n, m) = (0, 6) (g) along with represented mode (phase) fields at selected points83. b Reproduced from ref. 82, with the permission of AIP Publishing. c Reprinted with permission from ref. 88, OSA Publishing. d, e Reprinted with permission from ref. 97, OSA Publishing. f, g Reprinted with permission from ref. 83, OSA Publishing
