Fig. 4: AO enables imaging-guided laser microsurgery in the mouse retina.

a Laser axotomy for tracing axonal degeneration. Green: nerve fibres of RGCs labelled by AAV2-hsyn-GFP; red: fluorescence signal produced by laser ablation; asterisk: swelling and retraction of proximal axons; arrowheads: segmentation of distal axons. b High-precision laser axotomy for tracing the axonal degeneration of a single RGC. Arrowheads show the degenerated axon of the RGC marked by the asterisk. c Laser ablation of retinal microvasculature. Red, blood vessel; green, fluorescence signal produced by laser ablation; asterisk, laser ablation site