Fig. 8: Spasers consisting of arrays of plasmonic nanoparticles.
a Proposal of a two-dimensional arrangement of resonators to achieve a directional spaser array144. b A plasmonic array of bowtie nanoantennas covered with an organic gain material54. c Strongly coupled plasmonic nanocavity array74. d Periodic nanohole spaser array covered with an organic dye-gain medium146. e Low-threshold plasmon–exciton–polariton spaser obtained with an array of silver nanoparticles151.
