Table 1 Performance of quasi-2D PeLEDs (from NIR to blue)

2016

(PEA)₂MA₄Pb₅I₁₆

ITO/TiO₂/perov/F8/MoO₃/Au

750

–

8.8

80^R

–

³⁰

2016

(NMA)₂FAPb₂I₆Br

ITO/ZnO/PEIE/perov/TFB/MoO_x/Au

786

–

11.7

82^R

2 h @10 mA cm⁻²

⁴²

2017

MAPbI₃·20%FPMAI

ITO/Poly-TPD/perov/TPBi/LiF/Al

749

–

7.9

72^R

>10 h@3 mA cm⁻²

⁷¹

2017

MAPbI3·20%BAI

ITO/Poly-TPD/perov/TPBi/LiF/Al

748

–

10.4

30

90 s@5 v

⁷³

2018

Cs_0.2FA_0.8PbI_2.8Br_0.2·20%BAI

ITO/Poly-TPD/perov/TPBi/LiF/Al

752

–

17.6

199^R

50 min@10 mA cm⁻²

¹⁶⁸

2018

(NMA)₂(FA)_n−1Pb_nI_3n+1·poly-HEMA

ITO/MZO/PEIE/PPBH/TFB-PFO/MoO_x/Au

~780

~49

20.1

<10^R

46 h@0.1 mA cm⁻²

¹⁶

2018

MAPbI₃·FPMAI

AgNW/Poly-TPD/perov/TPBi/LiF/Al

740

–

13

–

–

¹⁸⁵

2018

(NMA)₂FA_n−1Pb_nI_3n+1

ITO/PEIE-ZnO/perov/TFB/MoO_x/Al

~790

–

12.7

254^R

30 min@100 mA cm⁻²

¹⁶³

2019

MAPbI₃·20%PMAI

ITO/Poly-TPD/perov/TPBi/LiF/Al

750

–

15

–

–

⁷²

2019

(EDBE)FA_n−1Pb_nI_3n+1

ITO/ZnMgO/perov/TFB/MoO_x/Al

804

–

11.4

60^R

1.3 h@10 mA cm⁻²

20 h@2 mA cm⁻²

¹⁷¹

2019

(BAB)FA_n−1Pb_nI_3n+1

ITO/PEIE-ZnO/perov/TFB/MoO_x/Al

776

50

5.2

88.5^R

>100 h@25 mA cm⁻²

¹⁶⁷

2020

PbS QDs in (PEA)₂Cs₂Pb₃Br₁₀

ITO/PEDOT:PSS/QDLP/TPBi/LiF/Al

980

–

8.1

7.4^R

>1 h@10 mA cm⁻²

¹³²

2020

(NMA)₂FA_n−1Pb_nI_3n+1

Glass/Au/ZnO/PEIE/perov/TFB/MoO₃/Au

800

35.4

20.2

114.9^R

–

²⁹

2017

(NMA)₂Cs_n−1Pb_n(I/Cl)_3n+1

ITO/ZnO/PEIE/perov/TFB/MoO_x/Au

688

–

3.7

~440

5 h@10 mA cm⁻²

³⁸

2017

(PBA)₂Cs_n−1Pb_nI_3n+1

ITO/NiO/Poly-TPD/PVK/perov/TPBi/Ca/Al

683

~34

7.3

~130

–

⁷²

2018

(NMA)₂Cs_n−1Pb_nI_3n+1

ITO/ZnO/PEIE/perov/TFB/MoO_x/Au

694

7.3

732

–

¹¹⁹

2018

(BA)₂Cs_n−1Pb_nI_3n+1·PEO

ITO/PEDOT:PSS/Poly-TPD/perov/BCP/LiF/Al

638

61

0.41

390

>4 h@3.5 v

⁸⁴

664

50

2.81

1231

680

39

6.23

1392

690

36

4.73

186

2019

(PBA)₂Cs_n−1Pb_nI_3n+1

ITO/PEDOT:PSS/Poly-TPD/PVK/perov/TPBi/LiF/Al

664

(0.72, 0.27)

13.3

968

–

⁴⁴

2020

(PEA)₂SnI₄

ITO/PEDOT:PSS/perov/TPBi/LiF/Al.

633

24/(0.706,0.294)

0.3

70

⁴⁸

2020

(PEA)₂SnI₄

ITO/PEDOT:PSS/perov/TPBi/LiF/Al

632

21/(0.708,0.292)

5

~100

>15 h@20 cd m⁻²

¹¹²

2016

(PEA)₂MA_n−1Pb_nBr_3n+1

ITO/Buf-HIL/perov/TPBi/LiF/Al

525

–

4.9(CE)

2935

–

⁶³

2017

(PEA)₂MA_n−1Pb_nBr_3n+1

ITO/PEDOT:PSS/perov/TPBi/LiF/Al

526

–

7.4

8400

–

⁷⁵

2017

(PBA)₂Cs_n−1Pb_nBr_3n+1

ITO/NiO/TFB/PVK/perov/TPBi/Ca/Al

514

17

10.4

14,000

–

⁷²

2018

(C₈H₁₇NH₃)₂FA_n−1Pb_nBr_3n+1

ITO/LiF/perov/PO-T2T/Ca/Al

540

–

5

~3000

–

⁷⁶

2018

(OA)₂FA_n−1Pb_nBr_3n+1 FAPbBr₃ NCs

ITO/PEDOT:PSS/perov/PO-T2T/Ca/Al

528–532

25–26

13

56,143

–

¹³¹

2018

(BA)₂FA₂Pb₃Br₁₀

ITO/NiOx/perov/TPBi/LiF/Al

530–540

–

14.6

24,100

102 min@100 cd m⁻²

⁸²

2018

(PEA)₂FA₂Pb₃Br₁₀

ITO/m-PEDOT:PSS/perov/TOPO/TPBi/LiF/Al

532

23

14.36

9120

70 min@280 cd m⁻²

⁸¹

2018

(BA)₂Cs_n−1Pb_nBr_3n+1·PEO

ITO/PEDOT:PSS/perov/TPBi/Ca/Al

514

19–21

8.42

33,533

45 min@100 cd m⁻²

⁸³

2018

(PEA)₂Cs_n−1Pb_nBr_3n+1/Cs₄PbBr₆

ITO/PEDOT:PSS:PFI/perov/TPBi/LiF/Al

500

24

4.51

3259

72 min@10 mA cm⁻²

¹⁶⁶

2018

(PEA)₂Cs_nPb_nBr_3n+1

ITO/Poly-TPD/PFN/perov/TPBi/LiF/Al

512

22

14.4

23,380

>25 min@3.5 v

¹⁵⁷

2018

(BIZ)₂FA₂Pb_nBr_3n+1

ITO/PVK/perov/TmPyPB/LiF/Al

537

–

7.7

30,000

63 min@1330 cd m⁻²

¹³⁷

2018

(PEA)₂Cs_n−1Pb_nBr_3n+1

ITO/Poly-TPD/perov/TPBi/LiF/Al

514

–

15.5

~20,000

90 min@2 mA cm⁻²

⁷⁸

2018

FAPbBr₃·DPPABr

ITO/PEDOT:PSS/TFB/perov/TPBi/LiF/Al

526

22

16.3

13,970

–

¹³⁵

2019

(PBA/PA)₂FA_n−1Pb_nBr_3n+1

ITO/PVK:TPD-DDAB/perov/TPBi/CsF/Al

534

25

15.1

8052

–

⁸⁵

2019

(PEA)₂FA_n−1Pb_nBr_3n+1

ITO/PEDOT:PSS-Na/perov/TOPO/TPBi/LiF/Al

532

–

15.4

15,765

–

¹³³

2019

(PEA)₂FA₂Pb₃Br₁₀

ITO/PEDOT:PSS/perov/TPBi/LiF/Al

525

–

10.6

41,500

9.2 h@10 mA cm⁻²

¹⁵⁶

2019

CsPbBr₃·NaBr

ITO/TFB/PVK/perov/TPBi/LiF/Al

518

21.7

15.9

11,560

~2.5 h@150 cd m⁻²

⁴³

2019

BA₂Cs_nPb_nBr_3n+1

ITO/PEDOT:PSS/PVK/perov/TPBi/Al

506

–

10.1

3810

–

⁹⁸

513

7.2

11,200

2019

(PEA)₂Cs_n−1Pb_nBr_3n+1·NaBr

ITO/NiO_x/PVK/perov/TPBi/LiF/Al

512

–

17.4

8353

40 min@100 cd m⁻²

⁹¹

2020

PEA₂Cs_2.4MA_0.6Pb₄Br₁₃

ITO/PEDOT:PSS:PFI/perov/TPBi/LiF/Al

517

–

14

45,230

3.5 h@4000 cd m⁻²

⁷⁹

2020

(PEA)₂FA_n−1Pb_nBr_3n+1

ITO/PVK/perov/TPBi/LiF/Al

529

23

14.7

37,477

<1 h@0.25 mA cm⁻²

⁸⁶

2020

(PEA)₂(FA/Cs)_n−1Pb_nBr_3n+1

ITO/PEDOT:PSS/perov/TPBi/LiF/Al

528

24

4.5

10,000

42 s@5 V

¹³⁶

2020

(PEA)₂FA_n−1Pb_nBr_3n+1

ITO/PVK/perov/TPBi/LiF/Al

527

21

12.4

~6500

1.5 h@1 mA cm⁻²

¹³⁴

2020

(PEA)₂Cs_n−1Pb_nBr_3n+1

ITO/TFB/LiF/perov/TPBi/LiF/Al

~520

~18

19.1

~50,000

–

¹⁴³

2021

(p-FPEA)₂MA_n−1Pb_nBr_3n+1

ITO/PEDOT:PSS/PFNBr/perov/PMMA/TmPyPB/LiF/Al

525

21.2

20.36

82,480

6.5 min@10000 cd m⁻²

¹⁶⁴

2016

(PEA)₂PbBr₄

ITO/PEDOT: PSS/perov/TPBi/Al/Ca

410

–

0.04

–

–

¹⁹⁴

2016

(OLA)₂MA_n−1Pb_nBr_3n+1

ITO/PEDOT: PSS/CBP/perov/TPBi/LiF/Al

492

24

0.23

8.5

⁸⁸

456

18

0.024

1

432

40

0.004

1

2017

(PEOA)₂MA_n−1Pb_nBr_3n+1

ITO/PEDOT: PSS/perov/TPBi/Ba/Al

494

–

1.1

19.5

–

¹⁹⁵

462

0.06

1.26

2017

(4-PBA)₂PbBr₄

ITO/PEIE-ZnO/perov/TFB/MoO_x/Al

491

–

0.015

186

–

⁹⁰

2017

(EA)₂MA_n−1Pb_nBr_3n+1

ITO/PEDOT:PSS/perov/TmPyPB/CsF/Al

473

–

2.6

200

–

⁸⁹

2018

(PEA/IPA)₂(MA/Cs)_n−1Pb_nBr_3n+1

ITO/PEDOT:PSS/NiO_x/PVK/perov/TPBi/LiF/Al

490

28

1.5

2480

10 min@10 cd m⁻²

4 min@20 cd m⁻²

0.5 min@210 cd m⁻²

¹²¹

2018

PA₂Cs_n−1Pb_nBr_3n+1

ITO/PEDOT:PSS/perov/TmPyPB/Cs₂CO₃/Al

505

26

3.6

7320

30 min@4.8 v

⁹²

2019

(BA)₂Cs_n−1Pb_n(Br/Cl)_3n+1

ITO/PEDOT:PSS/PVK/perov/TPBi/Al

465

23

2.4

962

1 min@500 cd m⁻²

⁹⁸

487

25

6.2

3340

10 min@800 cd m⁻²

2019

(PBA)₂Cs_n−1Pb_n(Br/Cl)_3n+1

ITO/NiO_x/LiF/perov/TPBi/LiF/Al

490

21

0.52

1446

–

¹⁴⁴

2019

(PA)₂Cs_n−1Pb_nBr_3n+1

ITO/NiO_x-PSSNa/perov/TPBi/LiF/Al

492

26

1.45

4359

220 min@150 cd m⁻²

120 min@415 cd m⁻²

¹⁹⁶

2019

(PEA)₂Cs_n−1Pb_n(Br/Cl)_3n+1

ITO/PEDOT:PSS/perov/TPBi/LiF/Al

485

–

11.0

9040

100 min@100 cd m⁻²

¹⁰²

2019

(PEA)₂Cs_n−1Pb_n(Br/Cl)_3n+1

ITO/PEDOT:PSS/perov/TPBi/LiF/Al

480

21

5.7

3780

10 min@1500 cd m⁻²

⁹⁷

2019

(PEA/P-PDABr₂)₂Cs_n−1Pb_nBr_3n+1

ITO/PVK/PFI/perov/3TPYMB/Liq/Al

465

25

2.6

211

13.5 min@0.35 mA cm⁻²

¹¹⁷

2019

(PEA)₂(Rb/Cs)_n−1Pb_nBr_3n+1

ITO/PEDOT:PSS/perov/TmPyPB/LiF/Al

475

20

1.35

100.6

14.5 min@15 cd m⁻²

¹¹⁰

2019

(PEA/NPA)₂Cs_n−1Pb_nBr_3n+1

ITO/PVK/perov/PO-T2T/Liq/Al

485

23

2.62

1200

4.3 min@100 cd m⁻²

¹¹⁶

2019

PBABr₂(Cs_0.7FA_0.3PbBr₃)

ITO/NiO_x/TFB/PVK/perov/TPBi/LiF/Al

483

–

9.5

700

4 min@100 cd m⁻²

¹³⁷

2020

PEA₂Cs_1.6MA_0.4Pb₃Br₁₀·DPPOCl

ITO/PEDOT:PSS:PFI or Poly-TPD/perov/TPBi/LiF/Al

489

18

1.3

5141

51 min@1500 cd m⁻²

¹⁰⁴

479

18

5.2

468

90 min@100 cd m⁻²

2020

(PBA)₂Cs_n−1Pb_nBr_3n+1

ITO/PEDOT:PSS/perov/POT2T/LiF/Al

465

–

2.34

150

232 s@12 cd m⁻²

¹¹⁵

493

5.08

1000

2020

CsPbBr₃·GABA

ITO/PEDOT:PSS:PFI/PVK/CsPbBr₃ QW/TPBi/LiF/Al

478

(0.12, 0.14)

6.3

200

150 s@200 cd m⁻²

¹²²

2020

PEA₂(Cs_1−xEA_xPbBr₃)₂PbBr₄

ITO/m-PEDOT:PSS/perov/TPBi/LiF/Al

495

23

13.3

2790

200s@100 cd m⁻²

⁴⁵

488

25

12.1

2191

480

25

4.19

83

2020

(PEA)₂Cs_n−1Pb_n(Br/Cl)_3n+1·NaBr

ITO/NiO_x/PTAA/PVK/perov/TPBi/LiF/Al

488

18.8

11.7

1511

970 s@100 cd m⁻²

¹⁹⁷

2020

(PEA/PA)₂Cs_n−1Pb_nBr_3n+1

ITO/PVK/perov/TPBi/LiF/Al

486

25

10.11

~600

81.3 min@0.3 mA cm⁻²

¹²⁰

2020

(Cs/FA/p-F-PEA)Pb(Cl/Br)₃

ITO/PEDOT:PSS/perov/TPBi/LiF/Al

469

(0.125, 0.076)

4.14

451

14.0 min@1 mA cm⁻²

¹⁹⁸