Fig. 3: A proof of concept with horizontally variant information density.

a Variation of the scaling factor for periods of the 2D metagratings. The blue dashed line marks an area containing 3 × 3 voxels. The red dashed line marks a voxel. b The microscopic image of the 2DMCs, captured by a laser confocal microscope (OLYMPUS, OLS4100). The red dashed line also marks a voxel. c The irradiance of view distribution and the intensity distribution along the white dashed line of the views. d The variant information density distribution (blue solid line) and its comparison with two cases for uniformly distributed information. Case A is that the angular separation between views is set to 10° with decreased FOV (green dashed line). In case B, the FOV is kept to 160°, but the information density is greatly reduced (red dashed line). e Images of numbers “1–9” observed from left to right views. A dinosaur toy is adhered to the left corner of the view modulator and is served as a reference for the viewing angle. See another 3D images in Figs. S5 and S7