Fig. 18: Flowchart of deep-learning-assisted temporal phase unwrapping method and the 3D reconstructions of different phase unwrapping approaches.

a The flowchart of deep-learning-based temporal phase unwrapping. b The 3D reconstruction obtained from phase unwrapping of (1 + 32)-frequency combination by MF-TPU164. c The 3D reconstruction obtained from phase unwrapping of (1 + 32)-frequency combination by the deep-learning-based method. d The 3D reconstruction obtained from phase unwrapping of (1 + 64)-frequency combination by MF-TPU. e The 3D reconstruction after phase unwrapping of (1 + 64)-frequency combination by deep-learning-based TPU. a–e Adapted by permission from Springer Nature: Scientific Reports52, Copyright (2021)