Fig. 5: Electrically controlled memory operations in the HS.
From: Nonvolatile electrical switching of optical and valleytronic properties of interlayer excitons

a Time-dependent IX emission characteristics upon cyclic Vg among −60, 0, 60, and 0 V. Each voltage lasts for about 4 min. The detecting polarization shifts every three cycles of Vg. b Retention time of the “1” and “0” excitonic states. The writing and erasing voltages last for about 3 min, and the reading voltage lasts for about 64 min. The peak energies and intensities are extracted from real-time spectra, each of which was measured within 10 s. The sample was excited by a 633 nm laser with a power of 180 μW at 78 K.