Fig. 3: Tri-DoF demultiplexing results of MVGBs.

Three demultiplexed conjugated holographic masks for DoFs of ϕ, n₀, m₀ are obtained from non-collinearly superposed conjugated optical field of MVGBs: \({\sum} {_{\phi = 0,\pi /2,\pi ,3\pi /2}\left| {\widetilde {{\Psi }}_{5,10}^\phi } \right\rangle ^5\exp \left( {{{{\mathrm{i}}}}2\pi u_\phi x} \right)}\), \({\sum} {_{n_0 = 3,5,7,9}\left| {\widetilde {{\Psi }}_{n_0,10}^0} \right\rangle ^5\exp } \left( {{{{\mathrm{i}}}}2\pi u_{n_0}x} \right)\) and \({\sum} {_{m_0 = 7,8,9,10}\left| {\widetilde {{\Psi }}_{5,m_0}^0} \right\rangle ^5\exp \left( {{{{\mathrm{i}}}}2\pi u_{m_0}x} \right)}\). (a₁–a₄), (b₁–b₄) and (c₁–c₄) are experimental intensity profiles of demultiplexed beam components for incident light with one to four collinearly superposed MVGB on the DoFs of ϕ, n₀ and m₀, respectively. (d_1–4) to (f_1–4) are corresponding one dimensional cross-section views of (a_1–4) to (c_1–4), where the insets are the intensity and phase distribution of the corresponding input fields. Black dash line: discrimination threshold (DT)