Fig. 5: Demonstration of on-chip polarization manipulation of SPIM-WGs. | Light: Science & Applications

Fig. 5: Demonstration of on-chip polarization manipulation of SPIM-WGs.

From: On-chip beam rotators, adiabatic mode converters, and waveplates through low-loss waveguides with variable cross-sections

Fig. 5

All images (LED, laser) have the same frame size of 30 × 30 µm. Scale bars are 10 µm. a Results of polarization-controlled experiments at 1550 nm wavelength laser. Top: twisted waveguide with 25 mm twisted length. Bottom: twisted waveguide with 15 mm twisted length. Images are waveguide mode profiles observed for particular output polarization state, with input laser light of either pure TE or pure TM polarization. Both waveguides have total length of 30 mm. b Measured polarization conversion PCE for twisted waveguides with total length of 30 mm, different twisted lengths of 25 mm and 15 mm, at wide near-infrared wavelengths. PCEs are controllable for any target wavelength by modifying twisted length while fixing total length. Red curve is measured with horizontally polarized input laser, while orange curve is vertical polarized input laser. c Measured polarization conversion PCE for twisted waveguides with total length of 10 mm, twisted lengths of 1.4 mm, at wide near-infrared wavelengths. The polarization manipulation behavior of straight rectangular waveguides was measured for comparison in Supplementary Fig. S9. In this figure, Waveguide cross-section sizes are 20 × 4 µm for all. Twisted waveguides are with 90° twisting angle

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