Fig. 15: bio-based LC soft actuators.
From: Self-assembled liquid crystal architectures for soft matter photonics

a Deformation and color change of sandwich CNC film driven by humidity275. Reproduced from ref. 275, with permission from The Royal Society of Chemistry. b Moisture-driven actuation and complex deformation behaviors of the CNC-poly(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate composite42. Reproduced from ref. 42, with permission from Wiley-VCH