Fig. 2: OCMS waveguides characterization.
From: Precise mode control of laser-written waveguides for broadband, low-dispersion 3D integrated optics
a, b Optical micrographs of multiple GRIN waveguides written to depths of 10–200 μm and the corresponding insertion losses at 1550 nm, where the applied pulse energy is varied from 26 to 30 μJ. c, d Mode circularity and bending loss of four types of single-mode waveguides written with 29 μJ pulse energy and 5 mm/s scan speed
