Table 1 Nonlinearity of different substances
Frequency | Substances | Nonlinear susceptibility | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
\({\boldsymbol{n}}_{\boldsymbol{2}}\) (c\({{\mathbf{m}}}^{\boldsymbol{2}}\cdot {{\mathbf{W}}}^{\boldsymbol{-1}}\)) | \({\boldsymbol{\chi }}^{({\boldsymbol{3}})}\,({\mathbf{m}}^{\boldsymbol{2}}\cdot {\mathbf{V}}^{\boldsymbol{-2}})\) | |||
Visible/IR frequencies | 800 nm | air (g) | \(2.4\times {10}^{-19}\) | \(8.5\times {10}^{-26}\) |
MgO (s) | \(7\times {10}^{-17}\) | \(7.42\times {10}^{-23}\) | ||
Al2O3 (s) | \(2.93\times {10}^{-16}\) | \(3.21\times {10}^{-22}\) | ||
1030 nm | fused silica (s) | \(2.19\times {10}^{-16}\) | \(1.63\times {10}^{-22}\) | |
CaF2 (s) | \(1.71\times {10}^{-16}\) | \(1.24\times {10}^{-22}\) | ||
530 nm | LN (s) | \(5.3\times {10}^{-15}\) | \(1.02\times {10}^{-20}\) | |
Optical frequency & THz (pump: THz & probe: 800 nm) \({{{\chi}}^{(3)}}\left({\omega }_{{\rm{THz}}},{\omega }_{{\rm{THz}}},{\omega }_{{\rm{opt}}}\right)\) | air (g) | \(1.3\times {10}^{-19}\) | \(4.6\times {10}^{-26}\) | |
CS2 (l) | \(7\times {10}^{-14}\) | \(2.08\times {10}^{-20}\) | ||
CCl4 (l) | \(2.7\times {10}^{-15}\) | \(1\times {10}^{-21}\) | ||
MgO (s) | \(5\times {10}^{-17}\) | \(5.3\times {10}^{-23}\) | ||
Al2O3 (s) | \(7\times {10}^{-17}\) | \(7.68\times {10}^{-23}\) | ||
As2S3 (s) | \(1.75\times {10}^{-14}\) | \(4.84\times {10}^{-20}\) | ||
As2Se3 (s) | \(3.44\times {10}^{-14}\) | \(9.96\times {10}^{-20}\) | ||
THz | water (l) | \(7\times {10}^{-10}\) | \(1.31\times {10}^{-15}\) | |
ethanol (l) | \(6\times {10}^{-9}\) | \(5.10\times {10}^{-15}\) | ||
\(\alpha -{\rm{pinene}}\) (l) | \(3\times {10}^{-9}\) | \(2.39\times {10}^{-15}\) | ||
lactose (s) | \(-1.49\times {10}^{-12}\) | \(-1.81\times {10}^{-18}\) | ||
silicon (s) | \(3.51\times {10}^{-12}\) | \(1.44\times {10}^{-17}\) | ||
quartz (s) | \(7.5\times {10}^{-10}\) | \(1.14\times {10}^{-15}\) | ||
ZnSe (s) | \(4\times {10}^{-11}\) | – | ||
LN (s, this work) | \(> 7.09\times {10}^{-10}\) @ 0.63 THz | \(> 2.21\times {10}^{-15}\) @ 0.63 THz | ||
