Fig. 5: Polaritonic device applications.

a The room temperature polariton condensation in a WS₂-DBR microcavity. The left panel is the above-threshold angle-resolved photoluminescence map and the right panel shows the coherence visibility of concentrated polaritons as a function of time delay. b The angle-resolved photoluminescence map from one-dimensional polariton lattices with different nearest-neighbor coupling strengths. The ratio of diameter D to center-to-center distance A represents the nearest-neighbor coupling strength. c Controllable nonlinearity of polaritons in monolayer WS₂ mesa cavities. The left panel is the schematic of monolayer WS₂ embedded in two DBRs with cylindrical mesa structures. The right panel shows the estimated polariton-exciton interaction strength versus trap size at the detuning of −33 meV (blue) and −69 meV (red). d The room temperature polariton LED is based on monolayer WS₂. The left panel is the band diagram at a high bias above the threshold, and the right panel shows the angle-resolved electroluminescence (EL) at the current injection of \(0{{\rm{.10}} {{\upmu }}{\rm{A}}{{\upmu }}{\rm{m}}}^{-2}\). a Reprinted with permission from ref. ⁴³ [American Chemical Society]. b Reprinted with permission from ref. ³⁹ [Springer Nature Limited]. c Reprinted with permission from ref. ¹¹⁴ [Springer Nature Limited]. d Reprinted with permission from ref. ³⁸ [Springer Nature Limited]