Fig. 3: Convergence of MDPR system in metalens measurement with sampling picture number N and distance between pictures L.
From: Metalenses phase characterization by multi-distance phase retrieval
a The measurement setup of MDPR system for metalens. b–h Numerical simulation of a metalens working at 1550 nm with 120 μm in radius and 600 μm in focal length, (b) normalized MSE distribution with the number of sampling images and distance between them. Phase retrieval results for cases (c–e) and corresponding error analyses (f–h) based on different distances between sampling images. The retrievals were conducted with N = 30, and the parameter L varied: 7 μm for (c), 15 μm for (d), and 18 μm for (e)
