Table 1 Comparison of the correlated RIS for beam steering

From: Sub-terahertz transmissive reconfigurable intelligent surface for integrated beam steering and self-OOK-modulation

Ref.

Freq. (GHz)

RIS type

Element lossa (dB)

Tuning method

Scanning range

Max modulation freq. (MHz)

21

23.5

Reflect (Space-Time coding)

3.8

PIN-diode

±45°

1.8

33

73

Reflect (Space coding)

6.2

PIN-diode

±70°

N/A

18

97

Transmit (Space coding)

11

PIN-diode

30°

N/A

34

98

Reflect (Space coding)

9

liquid crystal

35°

N/A

35

100

Reflect (Space coding)

8

liquid crystal

±20°

N/A

17

300

Transmit (Space coding)

5

CMOS

±30°

N/A

This Work

100

Transmit (Space coding)

2.8

Schottky diode

±60°

100

  1. aThe element loss is the insertion loss at 0°