Fig. 4: Real-time monitoring of sweat biomarkers and temperature.

a Schematic of the dual-sensing platform for sweat biomarker and temperature measurements using an AST fiber. b Sensing ability of the AST fiber when the sweat biomarker concentration and temperature change simultaneously. c Schematic and photograph of sweat-temperature monitoring during exercise. d Real-time, continuous, in situ measurement of the temperature and sweat (C₃H₆O₃ and CH₄N₂O) levels from the wrist of a healthy subject during exercise, which includes 30 min of running and 10 min of rest