Fig. 4: Normalized Stokes parameters as functions of relative phase delay.
From: All-optical polarization encoding and modulation by nonlinear interferometry at the nanoscale

Normalized Stokes parameter S1/S0 for (a) the (0, +1) (squares) and (0, –1) (dots) diffraction orders when co-polarized pump beams aligned along the x axis are employed and (b) the (–1, 0) (squares) and (+ 1, 0) (dots) diffraction orders when cross-polarized pump beams are employed. S1/S0 shows the residual vertical and horizontal polarization states in the modulation. The solid curves are sinusoidal fits. Inset in a and b: representation of the diffraction orders investigated. Normalized Stokes parameter (c, d) S2/S0, and (e, f) S3/S0 for the same diffraction orders as in (a) and (b). The magenta and green bars help identifying the modulation between linear and circular polarization states of the respective orders in panels c–f. Numbers in panel (f) are the maximum DOCP attained