Fig. 1: A1 mode lamb wave mode characteristics and the A1-mode LWR.

a Calculated \({k}^{2}\) dispersions of the first four lamb wave modes. b Calculated eigenfrequency dispersions of the first four lamb wave modes. c The mode shape of the A1 mode. d Schematics of A1-mode LWRs. e Simulated Admittance and conductance curves of the LWRs equipped with traditional IDTs. f Simulated total displacement of the A1 mode. g Simulated total displacement of the A1–11 mode