Fig. 1

a The absolute numbers of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes according to the expression of PD-L1, EGFR mutation status, and percentage of tumor infiltrating inflammatory cells evaluated on H&E section. b Association between tumor infiltrating lymphocytes and response to PD-1 blockade. Patients in the PD-1 blockade clinical benefit group showed a higher number of CD3+ and CD8+ T cells, higher CD8+/CD3+ T cell ratios, and lower FOXP3+/CD8+ T cell ratios than non-responders. c Representative tumor infiltrating lymphocyte and PD-L1 immunohistochemical images from responders (upper, x10 magnification) and non-responders (lower, x10 magnification) with PD-1 blockade treatment. The numbers of CD3+ and CD8+ T cells were increased in the tumor area of responders compared with non-responders. The number of FOXP3+ T cells was similar in the two groups. Notably, the expression of PD-L1 on tumor cells was higher in non-responders than responders