Table 2 Factors reported to influence risk of local recurrence in the treated breast after breast conserving therapy for ductal carcinoma in situ.
From: Diagnosis of ductal carcinoma in situ in an era of de-escalation of therapy
Patient factors |
Young age |
Tumor factors |
Larger size/extent |
High nuclear grade |
Comedo necrosis |
Volume of DCIS near margin |
Positive/close margins |
Molecular subtype |
Treatment factors |
Extent of excision |
Use of radiation therapy |
Use of endocrine therapy |
