Fig. 3: Association of PD-L1 gene expression levels determined by microarray with TCGA classifiers and IHC.

a Scatter dot plots of PD-L1 gene expression for tumors characterized as immunoreactive (IMM), differentiated (DIF), mesenchymal (MES), or proliferative (POS) molecular subtypes based on TCGA classifiers. Kruskall–Wallis test H = 20.25 (p = 0.0002), with significant Dunn’s tests between IMM vs. PRO (29.42, p = 0.0036), IMM vs. DIF (34.32, p < 0.0001), and IMM vs. MES (23.45, p = 0.0201). Short line indicates mean value; error bars indicate one standard deviation; * indicates p < 0.05; ns indicates no significance. b–f PD-L1 gene expression levels vs. PD-L1 IHC CPS across TCGA classifiers, with IMM in red, PRO in blue, DIF in green, and MES in brown; strength of correlation determined using the Spearman correlation test.