Table 4 Relationships between clinicopathologic characteristics in patients with T1, T1a, and T1b melanomas and recurrence-free survival (RFS) by univariate and multivariable analysis.

From: Prognostic significance of acral lentiginous histologic type in T1 melanoma

RFS (univariate analysis)

 

T1

T1a

T1b

Characteristic

HR (95% CI)

p value

HR (95% CI)

p value

HR (95% CI)

p value

Histologic type

  ALM vs. non-ALM

3.70 (2.26, 6.05)

<0.001

3.81 (1.96, 7.42)

<0.001

3.54 (1.70, 7.35)

<0.001

Gender

  Female vs. Male

0.62 (0.40, 0.97)

0.035

0.61 (0.34, 1.12)

0.11

0.66 (0.34, 1.27)

0.21

Age

  Continuous

1.06 (1.05, 1.08)

<0.001

1.08 (1.05, 1.10)

<0.001

1.04 (1.02, 1.07)

<0.001

Race/ethnicity

  Hispanic vs. Caucasian

2.18 (0.79, 5.96)

0.13

3.35 (1.03, 10.87)

0.045

1.49 (0.28, 7.96)

0.64

  Other vs. Caucasian

1.04 (0.15, 7.52)

0.97

1.80 (0.25, 13.08)

0.56

1.44 (0.08, 25.59)

0.81

Clark level

  IV–V vs. I–III

0.85 (0.48, 1.52)

0.59

0.74 (0.26, 2.06)

0.56

0.71 (0.34, 1.47)

0.36

Breslow thickness

  Continuous

4.31 (1.43, 12.94)

0.009

5.92 (0.61, 57.91)

0.13

1.44 (0.06, 34.84)

0.82

Mitosis

  ≥1/mm2 vs. <1/mm2

1.21 (0.77, 1.90)

0.41

0.64 (0.29, 1.39)

0.26

1.57 (0.79, 3.12)

0.20

Ulceration

  Present vs. Absent

1.90 (0.77, 4.69)

0.17

  

1.45 (0.56, 3.71)

0.44

Regression

  Present vs. Absent

1.15 (0.72, 1.83)

0.56

1.08 (0.58, 2.01)

0.81

1.50 (0.74, 3.02)

0.26

Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes

  Brisk vs. Non-brisk/minimal

0.51 (0.22, 1.17)

0.11

0.50 (0.15, 1.62)

0.25

0.48 (0.15, 1.56)

0.22

Vertical growth phase

  Present vs. Absent

1.18 (0.67, 2.08)

0.56

1.00 (0.51, 1.96)

1.00

0.99 (0.30, 3.25)

0.99

Predominant cytology

  Spindle vs. Epithelioid

0.84 (0.20, 3.45)

0.81

0.89 (0.12, 6.49)

0.91

0.74 (0.10, 5.60)

0.77

  Nevoid vs. Epithelioid

2.50 (1.07, 5.85)

0.035

1.67 (0.40, 6.97)

0.49

2.98 (1.00, 8.89)

0.050

Sentinel lymph nodes

  Positive vs. Negative

5.92 (3.29, 10.65)

<0.001

5.70 (2.01, 16.18)

0.001

5.03 (2.41, 10.49)

<0.001

Number of positive SLNs

  Continuous

3.20 (1.44, 7.12)

0.004

4.63 (0.41, 51.89)

0.21

3.33 (1.23, 9.02)

0.018

Systemic therapy

  Yes vs. No

4.67 (2.25, 9.68)

<0.001

7.28 (2.60, 20.38)

<0.001

2.85 (1.01, 8.06)

0.048

RFS (multivariate analysis)

Histologic type

  ALM vs. non-ALM

    

3.07 (1.05, 8.99)

0.040

Age

  Continuous

1.07 (1.04, 1.09)

<0.001

1.10 (1.06, 1.14)

<0.001

  

Sentinel lymph nodes

  Positive vs. Negative

6.23 (2.85, 13.62)

<0.001

18.38 (3.57, 94.68)

<0.001

7.05 (2.57, 19.32)

<0.001

  1. ALM acral lentiginous melanoma, CI confidence interval, RFS recurrence-free survival, HR hazard ratio, SLNs sentinel lymph nodes.