Fig. 1: SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein detection.

A Immunohistochemistry shows robust, strong and diffuse positivity in villous trophoblast in the placenta of a patient with positive in situ hybridization for SARS-CoV-2 which was used as positive control. B, C In contrast, immunohistochemical staining was negative in placentas from patients with history of mRNA vaccination. D Stain was also negative in third-trimester placentas collected in 2018, which served as negative controls. The positive control was also used as control for SARS-CoV-2 in situ hybridization; the control shows strong signal in trophoblast (E), whereas six placentas in the study group were negative (F).