Fig. 5
From: Lipidome alterations in human prefrontal cortex during development, aging, and cognitive disorders
Disorder-associated (DA) lipidome changes in the human PFC. a Age distribution of patients with autism (ASD, green), schizophrenia (SZ, purple), Down syndrome (DS, pink), and matched controls (blue). Each symbol represents an individual (circle—males, triangle—females). Numbers in brackets show numbers of individuals in each group. b Numbers of DA lipids for each disorder (red—higher concentration in disease, blue—lower concentration in disease). c Lipid classes (left) and KEGG pathways (right) enriched in DA lipids. Colors show P values of hypergeometric tests. FAG fatty acyl glycosides, MLPK macrolides and lactone polyketides, Cer ceramides, OtherSL other sphingolipids, PI glycerophosphoinositols, PE glycerophosphoethanolamines. d Schematic representation of DA genetic, gene expression and lipid concentration changes in retrograde endocannabinoid signaling pathway based on the KEGG annotation. Stars mark genes containing genetic variants linked to corresponding disease. Genes with SZ and ASD related genetic variants were retrieved from GRASP (P < 0.05) and SFARI respectively. Gene expression level changes were calculated using public data retrieved from GEO (ASD: GSE28521, SZ: GSE53978, DS: GSE5390). e Enrichment of DA genetic variants in genes linked to DA lipids. The y-axis shows the –log10-transformed P value of the hypergeometric test
