Table 4 New drug discovery/repurposing leads

From: Towards precision medicine for stress disorders: diagnostic biomarkers and targeted drugs

A. CMAP analysis with nominally validated biomarkers (22 increased and 118 decreased were present in HG-U133A array used by Connectivity Map)

Rank

cmap name

Score

6100

cefotiam

−1

6099

proguanil

−0.991

6098

hydroxyachillin

−0.96

6097

Prestwick-682

−0.95

6096

levopropoxyphene

−0.949

6095

isoflupredone

−0.943

6094

ozagrel

−0.941

6093

streptozocin

−0.938

6092

cyclopenthiazide

−0.934

6091

metformin

−0.93

6090

corticosterone

−0.925

6089

calcium folinate

−0.924

6088

diphenhydramine

−0.921

B. CMAP analysis with biomarkers that are nominally predictive in all (5 increased and 52 decreased were present in HG-U133A array used by Connectivity Map)

Rank

cmap name

Score

6100

ambroxol

−1

6099

ozagrel

–0.971

6098

cefotiam

−0.959

6097

xamoterol

−0.951

6096

betulin

−0.93

6095

isometheptene

−0.927

6094

primidone

−0.925

6092

tocainide

−0.919

6093

diloxanide

−0.919

6089

alprostadil

−0.913

6090

amphotericin B

−0.913

6087

oxolamine

−0.909

C. CMAP analysis with biomarkers that are nominally predictive in males (5 increased and 48 decreased were present in HG-U133A array used by Connectivity Map)

Rank

cmap name

Score

6100

ozagrel

−1

6099

flucloxacillin

−0.981

6098

ambroxol

−0.97

6097

dapsone

−0.958

6096

tiaprofenic acid

−0.955

6095

primidone

−0.939

6094

betulin

−0.936

6093

proguanil

−0.929

6092

gossypol

−0.925

6091

levopropoxyphene

−0.92

6090

xamoterol

−0.917

6089

streptozocin

−0.912

6088

tocainide

−0.909

D. CMAP analysis with biomarkers that are nominally predictive in females (9 increased and 21 decreased were present in HG-U133A array used by Connectivity Map)

rank

cmap name

Score

6100

flecainide

−1

6099

Prestwick-682

−0.997

6098

spiramycin

−0.98

6097

domperidone

−0.974

6096

homatropine

−0.967

6094

isoniazid

−0.964

6095

proguanil

−0.964

6093

phentolamine

−0.958

6092

sulfamonomethoxine

−0.952

6091

fludrocortisone

−0.951

6090

dizocilpine

−0.946

6087

adiphenine

−0.942

6088

tolnaftate

−0.942

  1. Connectivity Map [66] (CMAP) analysis—drugs that have opposite gene expression profile effects to the signature of our validated genes (A), and out of them, those that are also significant predictive biomarkers (B–D). A score of −1 indicates the perfect opposite match, i.e., the best potential therapeutic to decrease stress. Bold—top candidates. Bold and italic—natural compounds of interest. Bold and underlined—compounds known to modulate stress, which serve as reassuring positive controls