Table 1 Sample clinical and demographic characteristics showing that there were no group differences between healthy volunteers and first episode psychosis patients in age, sex, ethnicity, socio-economic status, body mass index, cannabis, alcohol or tobacco use.
From: The neural and molecular basis of working memory function in psychosis: a multimodal PET-fMRI study
Healthy volunteers | First episode psychosis patients | t/x2/U | df | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | 35 | 31 | |||
Age mean (SD), years | 27.12 (5.32) | 26.64 (4.68) | t = 0.52 | 64 | 0.60 |
Sex (male/female) | 26/9 | 26/5 | x2 = 1.18 | 2 | 0.55 |
Ethnicity (Caucasian/Black African or Black Caribbean/ Asian/ Mixed/missing) | 15/3/11/4/2 | 12/0/6/3/0 | x2 = 8.49 | 6 | 0.20 |
Years of education after compulsory education mean (SD)a | 4.01 (3.81) | 3.01 (2.59) | t = 1.63 | 58 | 0.11 |
Socio-economic status (high/medium/ low/unemployed/ student/missing data)b | 3/4/10/1/13/4 | 1/2/13/5/7/3 | x2 = 24.38 | 20 | 0.23 |
Body mass index mean (SD) score | 25.12 (3.81) | 25.65 (5.10) | t = −0.41 | 46 | 0.68 |
Current cannabis use (yes/no) | 0/35 | 0/31 | NA | NA | NA |
Current alcohol use (yes/no/missing data) | 21/12/2 | 17/13/1 | x2 = 2.88 | 4 | 0.60 |
Current tobacco use (yes/no/ missing data) | 10/23/2 | 13/17/1 | x2 = 3.14 | 4 | 0.53 |
Diagnosis (schizophrenia/ schizoaffective disorder) | NA | 28/3 | NA | NA | NA |
Illness duration mean (SD), months | NA | 22.39 (12.80) | NA | NA | NA |
Duration of prior treatment mean (SD), months | NA | 6.16 (10.10) | NA | NA | NA |
Current use of antipsychotics (yes/no) | NA | 31/0 | NA | NA | NA |
Prior use of antipsychotics (yes/no) | NA | 23/8 | NA | NA | NA |
PANSS positive mean (SD) score | NA | 25.83 (14.90) | NA | NA | NA |
PANSS negative mean (SD) score | NA | 24.10 (7.53) | NA | NA | NA |
PANSS general mean (SD) score | NA | 40.45 (10.20) | NA | NA | NA |
PANSS total mean (SD) score | NA | 86.82 (21.83) | NA | NA | NA |
