Fig. 2: Chemogenetic activation of VP GABAergic neurons promotes arousal. | Molecular Psychiatry

Fig. 2: Chemogenetic activation of VP GABAergic neurons promotes arousal.

From: Ventral pallidal GABAergic neurons control wakefulness associated with motivation through the ventral tegmental pathway

Fig. 2

a Schematic diagram of chemogenetic activation of VP GABAergic neurons. b The VP was infected by the hM3Dq-mCherry virus. Scale bar = 200 µm. c Bath application of CNO at 5 µM increased firings in an hM3Dq-mCherry neuron. d Typical examples of a relative EEG power heatmap and EEG/EMG traces after vehicle or CNO (1 mg/kg) injection at 9:00 in an hM3Dq Vgat-Cre mouse. e The total time spent in NREM sleep and wakefulness for 5 h after administration of vehicle or CNO. f Time-course of wakefulness, NREM sleep, and REM sleep in Vgat-Cre mice expressing hM3Dq after administration of vehicle or CNO. g EEG power density for 5 h after vehicle or CNO administration. Data shown are the mean ± SEM (n = 9; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, using repeated-measures ANOVA followed by paired  t-test).

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