Fig. 4: Alterations in tryptophan metabolism observed in response to the absence of 6’SL from maternal milk and/or due to the deletion of the St6Gal1 gene.

Reduced access to 6′SL during lactation perturbs the tryptophan metabolic pathways (a), and results in distinct circulating metabolite concentrations in blood (b). a Main metabolic intermediates in tryptophan metabolism. Solid lines represent endogenous mammalian metabolic relationships, dashed lines indicate host-microbial metabolic interactions. Red boxes indicate an interaction between group and metabolite levels at p value < 0.05 using analysis of variance (ANOVA). b Overview of blood circulating concentrations for statistically significant metabolites (red boxes). Serotonin was highlighted as an additional statistically significant metabolite using multivariate data analysis, and is displayed for information. All bars represent mean ± SEM (Color figure online).