Fig. 2: Interaction plot between ACEs and hair cortisol for depression, anxiety, and loneliness.

Note. Sample: ELSA (N = 2050). Covariates included in the models: pre-pandemic psychological distress (depression, anxiety, and loneliness), adult sociodemographic factors (age, gender, partnership status, living alone, wealth tertiles), use of medication (anti-inflammatory/antihypertensive drugs, steroids), childhood socioeconomic factors (overcrowding, number of books in home, financial hardship, parent unemployment), hair characteristics (dyed, colour, season of collection, phase of hair analysis), and genetic population stratification by including 10 principal components.