Table 2 Characteristics of the cohorts of patients with CocaineUD before and after propensity-score matching performed on all listed variables.

Total number

23,687

192,335

22,420

22,420

Age at index (years, mean ± SD)

46.3 ± 14.3

45.2 ± 14.0

0.08

46.1 ± 14.3

46.2 ± 14.0

0.006

  Female

41.4

37.8

0.07

41.1

40.9

0.004

  Male

58.6

62.1

0.07

58.9

59.1

0.004

  Hispanic/Latinx

10.3

8.5

0.06

10.2

10.6

0.01

  Not Hispanic/Latinx

68.2

63.5

0.09

68.1

68.3

0.004

  Unknown

21.5

27.9

0.15^a

21.6

21.1

0.01

  Asian

0.7

0.8

0.02

0.6

0.6

0.008

  Black

36.6

36.7

0.002

36.8

37.0

0.004

  White

51.5

50.5

0.02

51.1

51.1

0.001

  Unknown

10.3

11.2

0.03

10.5

10.5

0.001

Adverse socioeconomic determinants of health (%)

32.2

19.5

0.29^a

31.7

31.7

0.001

  Congenital heart diseases

3.8

1.88

0.12^a

3.7

3.6

0.005

  Gingivitis and periodontal diseases

3.8

2.4

0.08

3.6

3.6

0.001

  Dental caries

11.9

8.2

0.12^a

11.8

11.5

0.01

  Rheumatic heart diseases

6.2

2.5

0.18^a

5.8

5.9

0.001

  Rheumatic fever

0.2

0.1

0.03

0.2

0.2

0.003

  Hemodialysis

1.5

0.4

0.08

1.4

1.6

0.01

  Surgical procedures involving heart and artery

11.4

6.0

0.19^a

11.2

11.4

0.005

  Cardiac catheterization

6.0

3.0

0.15^a

5.6

5.7

0.005

  Cardiac and vascular implants and grafts

9.0

4.8

0.17^a

8.6

8.7

0.002

  Opioid use disorder

31.7

25.6

0.13^a

31.6

32.2

0.01

  Obesity and overweight

28.7

15.9

0.31^a

27.9

27.6

0.006

  Type 2 diabetes

25.9

15.3

0.26^a

25.2

25.2

0.001

  Hypertension

49.8

35.1

0.30^a

48.9

48.8

0.003

  Cancer

33.9

20.0

0.32^a

32.4

31.6

0.02

Disorders involving the immune mechanisms

4.6

2.2

0.14^a

4.3

4.3

0.001

  Atrial fibrillation and flutter

7.5

3.7

0.17^a

7.3

7.4

0.006

  HIV

6.6

4.7

0.09

6.3

6.1

0.007

  Viral hepatitis

20.7

15.6

0.13^a

20.5

20.3

0.004

  Liver diseases

21.7

12.4

0.25^a

20.9

20.8

0.002

  Chronic kidney disease

16.2

7.2

0.28^a

15.8

15.9

0.003

  Tobacco use

33.4

20.1

0.31^a

32.4

31.9

0.009

  Chemotherapy

9.1

4.4

0.19^a

8.6

8.4

0.008

  Corticosteroids

43.9

24.8

0.41^a

43.2

42.8

0.006

  Dexamethasone

30.2

16.0

0.34^a

29.2

28.8

0.007

  Immunosuppressants

3.8

1.6

0.13^a

3.6

3.5

0.002

  Antidepressants

57.0

39.7

0.35^a

56.1

56.2

0.002

  Antipsychotics

39.8

28.2

0.25^a

39.5

40.0

0.009

  Anticonvulsants

47.0

31.4

0.32^a

46.3

46.2

0.001

  CNS stimulants

18.0

9.2

0.26^a

17.6

17.1

0.01

Other CNS medications

38.8

24.8

0.31^a

38.0

37.8

0.005

EHR-documented COVID-19 vaccination

4.2

0.1

0.29^a

0.4

0.4

0.008