Table 2 Differences between subgroups on demographic and clinical data.

From: Inflammation and cognition in severe mental illness: patterns of covariation and subgroups

 

Cluster 1 (N = 625)

Cluster 2 (N = 777)

p valuea

95% CIb

Cluster comparisons

Age

33.2 (11.1)

31.4 (8.9)

p < 0.001

[0.8, 2.9]

Cluster 1 > Cluster 2

Sex (m/f)

370/255

355/422

p < 0.001

-

Cluster 1 ~ Cluster 2

Education (years)

12.9 (2.3)

14.4 (2.3)

p < 0.001

[−1.7, −1.2]

Cluster 1 < Cluster 2

WASI IQ (2 subtests)

103.7 (13.1)

114.1 (9.9)

p < 0.001

[−11.7, −9.1]

Cluster 1 < Cluster 2

BMI (kg/m2)

26.5 (5.0)

24.4 (3.7)

p < 0.001

[1.5, 2.5]

Cluster 1 > Cluster 2

CRP

3.1 (3.3)

2.2 (2.7)

p < 0.001

[0.6, 1.2]

Cluster 1 > Cluster 2

SMI group

BD = 160 SZ = 264

BD = 129 SZ = 79

   

PANSS Negative

11.9 (5.6)

9.7 (4.6)

p < 0.001

[1.3, 3.1]

Cluster 1 > Cluster 2

PANSS Positive

8.6 (4.4)

6.8 (3.3)

p < 0.001

[1.1, 2.4]

Cluster 1 > Cluster 2

PANSS Disorganized

5.3 (2.4)

4.3 (1.7)

p < 0.001

[0.6, 1.4]

Cluster 1 > Cluster 2

PANSS Excited

5.5 (2.0)

5.3 (1.8)

ns

[−0.2, 0.5]

-

PANSS Depressed

8.1 (3.1)

7.9 (2.9)

ns

[−0.3, 0.7]

-

YMRS

4.0 (4.9)

3.6 (4.4)

ns

[−0.4, 1.2]

-

GAF Symptom

48.8 (13.6)

55.6 (13.3)

p < 0.001

[−0.9, −4.5]

Cluster 1 < Cluster 2

GAF Function

47.73 (12.9)

55.2 (14.9)

p < 0.001

[−9.8, −5.1]

Cluster 1 < Cluster 2

Age at onset

24.9 (9.6)

23.4 (7.8)

ns

[−0.0, 3.0]

-

Duration of illness (years)

7.5 (9.2)

6.0 (7.0)

ns

[−0.0, 2.9]

-

Antipsychotics, DDD

0.8 (0.9)

0.5 (0.8)

p < 0.001

[0.1, 0.4]

Cluster 1 > Cluster 2

Antidepressants, DDD

0.4 (0.9)

0.4 (0.7)

ns

[−0.1, 0.2]

-

Antiepileptics, DDD

0.2 (0.4)

0.2 (0.4)

ns

[−0.1, 0.1]

-

Lithium, DDD

0.1 (0.3)

0.1 (0.4)

ns

[−0.1, 0.0]

-

Total, DDD

1.5 (1.3)

1.2 (1.3)

ns

[0.1, 0.5]

-

  1. Presented are means, standard deviations and results from permutation t-tests (and chi-square for sex) comparing clusters on demographic and clinical data.
  2. HC healthy controls, SZ schizophrenia, BD bipolar disorder, WASI Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence, BMI body mass index, CRP C-reactive Protein, PANSS Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, YMRS Young Mania Rating Scale, GAF Global Assessment of Functioning scale, DDD defined daily dosage.
  3. aBonferroni corrected p values (sample characteristics 0.05/5; clinical characteristics 0.05/15).
  4. b95 percent (Monte-Carlo) permutation percentile confidence interval of the mean difference.
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