Table 2 Characterization of PmD groups by depressive state.

From: The neural signature of psychomotor disturbance in depression

Currently Depressed MDD

 

PmR N = 87 (29.3%)

PmM N = 34 (11.4%)

PmA N = 44 (14.8%)

nonPmD N = 132 (44.4%)

Statistic

Post-hoc

Age years

34.3 ± 13.0

37.0 ± 15.1

34.1 ± 14.5

36.2 ± 12.9

F(3293) = 0.66

p = .58

 

Sex % female

54 (66.7%)

17 (55.9%)

25 (61.4%)

94 (72.0%)

Χ2 = 4.01

p = 0.26

 

Education years

13.1 ± 2.6

11.9 ± 2.4

13.1 ± 3.1

13.2 ± 2.7

F(3287) = 2.07

p = 0.11

 

HAMD-PmD

13.8 ± 4.3

14.5 ± 5.1

13.9 ± 4.7

13.3 ± 3.4

F(3293) = 0.80

p = 0.50

 

BDI-I

24.7 ± 9.9

26.3 ± 8.6

25.7 ± 11.7

23.7 ± 8.7

F(3282) = 0.94

p = 0.42

 

GAF

55.9 ± 9.9

54.4 ± 7.8

55.9 ± 10.1

58.6 ± 10.3

F(3287) = 2.42

p = 0.067

nonPmD vs:

PmR: p = 0.053

PmM: p = 0.013

PmA: p = 0.14

Remitted MDD

 

PmR N = 32 (8.0%)

PmM N = 2 (0.5%)

PmA N = 32 (8.0%)

nonPmD N = 336 (83.6%)

Statistic

Post-hoc

Age

35.2 ± 12.6

 

35.6 ± 12.2

35.5 ± 12.9

F(2397) = 0.009

p = 0.99

 

Sex

17 (53.1%)

 

15 (46.9%)

230 (68.5%)

Χ2 = 6.59

P = 0.037

nonPmD vs:

PmR: p = 0.080

PmA: p = 0.041

Education

13.3 ± 2.8

 

12.6 ± 2.7

13.7 ± 2.6

F(2286) = 2.68

p = 0.07

nonPmD vs:

PmR p = 0.37

PmA: p = 0.038

PmR vs PmA: p = 0.38

HAMD-PmD

4.0 ± 2.4

 

3.5 ± 2.1

3.3 ± 2.7

F(2397) = 1.16

p = 0.31

 

BDI-I

14.6 ± 10.0

 

12.0 ± 8.4

11.4 ± 8.6

F(2390) = 1.93

p = 0.15

 

GAF

63.5 ± 12.7

 

68.2 ± 9.9

73.5 ± 12.2

F(2393) = 12.0

p < 0.001

nonPmD vs:

PmR: p < 0.001

PmA: p = 0.007

PmA v PmR : p = 0.11

  1. Comparison of demographics and clinical characteristics between the different psychomotor disturbance groups in currently depressed and remitted patients separately. No comparisons with remitted patients with psychomotor retardation and agitation due to group size (N = 1).
  2. MDD major depressive disorder, PmD psychomotor disturbance, PmR psychomotor retardation, PmA psychomotor agitation, PmM concurrent psychomotor agitation and retardation, HAMD-PmD Hamilton depression rating scale without the retardation and agitation items, BDI-I revised Beck depression inventory, GAF global assessment of functioning.