Table 2 Meta-regressions exploring the possible moderating factors impacting the area under the curve (AUC).
From: Individualized prediction models in ADHD: a systematic review and meta-regression
Moderating factors | Number of studies | Meta-regression Coefficient | SE | Z value | P | 95%CI |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(i) Type of validation | ||||||
External vs Internal validation | 62 (58;4) | 2.319 | –3.79 | 0.75 | 0.454 | –3.790; 8.474 |
(ii) Age range | ||||||
Children&adolescents vs adults | 44 (33;11) | –1.612 | 2.976 | –0.54 | 0.588 | –7.444; 4.221 |
Children&adolescents vs combined/not reported | 51 (33;18) | 0.482 | 2.696 | 0.18 | 0.858 | –4.802; 5.766 |
Adults vs combined/not reported | 29 (11;18) | 2.093 | 3.344 | 0.63 | 0.531 | –4.460; 8.647 |
(iii) Type of model | ||||||
Diagnostic vs prognostic | 55 (52;3) | –2.073 | 5.786 | –0.36 | 0.720 | –13.413; 9.268 |
Diagnostic vs treatment-response | 59 (52;7) | 1.045 | 3.538 | 0.30 | 0.7677 | –5.889; 7.979 |
Prognostic vs treatment-response | 10 (3;7) | 3.118 | 6.514 | 0.48 | 0.632 | –9.649; 15.885 |
(iv) Number of predictors | ||||||
Number of predictors | 34 | –0.0047 | 0.003 | –1.39 | 0.166 | –0.011; 0.002 |
(v) Type of predictors | ||||||
Clinical or service use or sociodemographic vs biomarkers | 46 (13; 33) | –1.249 | 4.337 | –0.29 | 0.773 | –9.750; 7.252 |
Clinical or service use or sociodemographic vs combination | 30 (13;17) | –2.749 | 2.935 | –0.94 | 0.349 | –8.502; 3.003 |
Biomarkers vs combination | 50 (33;17) | –0.404 | 3.786 | –0.11 | 0.915 | –7.825; 7.017 |
Including clinical vs not including clinical | 62 (26;36) | –6.540 | 2.410 | –2.72 | 0.007 | –11.264; –1.824 |
(vi) Modality of predictors | ||||||
Unimodal vs Multimodal | 62 (36;26) | –3.496 | 1.873 | –1.87 | 0.062 | –7.167; 0.174 |
(vii) Quality assessment | ||||||
Low risk vs unclear risk | 18 (7;11) | 3.629 | 5.058 | 0.72 | 0.473 | –6.284; 13.542 |
Low risk vs high risk | 51 (7; 44) | 5.549 | 3.910 | 1.42 | 0.156 | –6.284; 13.542 |
Unclear risk vs high risk | 55 (11; 44) | 1.920 | 3.999 | 0.48 | 0.631 | –5.918; 9.759 |
