Fig. 2: Conditional deletion of Trio in GABAergic INs leads to seizures and cognitive-behavioral deficits.

A–F Field potentials and seizure activity assessed with video-EEG recordings in P30-36 littermates. A Representative EEG traces for Trio^WT and (B, C) Trio^cKO mice, showing a prolonged epileptiform discharge during a generalized tonic-clonic seizure (B) and abundant inter-ictal activity (C) in mutants. Recordings were performed using bilateral implanted cortical (C) and hippocampal (HPC) electrodes. For illustration purposes, recordings from single cortical (C) and hippocampal (HPC) fields are illustrated. Histograms displaying the seizure severity (Racine score) (D), frequency (E) and duration (F) for each animal (color-coded for individual mice) (n = 4 Trio^WT and 4 Trio^cKO). G–N Behavioral deficits in Trio^cKO mice. G Histograms showing the distance traveled, the mean speed, the number of entries and the time spent in the center zone during the open field test (n = 16 Trio^WT and 15 Trio^cKO mice). H Histograms showing the number of entries in the open arms (left) and the time spent in the open arms (right) in the elevated plus maze (n = 10 Trio^WT and 7 Trio^cKO mice). I Line graph showing the escape latency in the Morris water maze during the acquisition phase (Day (D) 1 to D5). J Histogram showing the time spent in each quadrant of the Morris water maze during the probe test (P: platform quadrant, R: adjacent right quadrant, O: opposite quadrant, L: adjacent left quadrant) (n = 5 Trio^WT and 6 Trio^cKO mice). K Histogram showing the discrimination index for a novel object over a familial object during the novel object recognition task (n = 9 Trio^WT and 9 Trio^cKO mice). L Histogram showing the number of marbles buried during the Marble burying task (n = 15 Trio^WT and 10 Trio^cKO mice). M Histogram showing the time spent with an empty cage or with another mouse (stranger 1) during the socialization phase of the three-chamber maze task and (N) Histogram showing the time spent with a familiar mouse (stranger 1) and a novel mouse (stranger 2) in the novelty phase of the three-chamber maze task (n = 10 Trio^WT and 8 Trio^cKO mice). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 and ****P < 0.0001, by Mann–Whitney test (G, H, K, L), two-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s multiple comparisons test (I, M, N) or two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons test (J).