Table 1 Clinical and demographic characteristics (means and SDs except otherwise specified).

From: Resting-state functional connectivity in anxiety disorders: a multicenter fMRI study

Characteristics

All patients (N = 439)

PD/AG (N = 154)

SAD (N = 95)

SP (N = 190)

HC (N = 105)

χ2/F (df1,df2)

p

Female gender, n (%)

289

(65.83)

81

(52.60)

51

(53.68)

157

(82.63)

54

(51.43)

48.16

(3)

<0.001c

Age (years)

29.70

(9.76)

32.16

(10.44)

27.16

(6.12)

28.98

(10.00)

31.96

(10.04)

7.39

(3,540)

<0.001d

Years of Education

12.97

(2.55)

11.69

(1.42)

12.11

(1.21)

14.36

(2.97)

12.25

(1.38)

54.20

(3)

<0.001e

Living alone, n (%)

168

(38.27)

70

(45.45)

39

(41.05)

59

(31.05)

     

Smoking, n (%)

72

(16.40)

41

(26.62)

22

(23.16)

9

(4.74)

20

(19.05)

22.90

(2)

<0.001f

Left handed, n (%)

28

(6.38)

15

(9.74)

12

(12.63)

1

(0.05)

   

(2)

<0.001g

Disease duration (years)

17.69

(13.72)

13.51

(11.82)

15.17

(12.72)

22.34

(14.28)

  

21.52

(2)

<0.001h

Number of diagnoses, n (%)

1.90

(1.12)

2.71

(1.82)

2.0

(0.93)

1.2

(0.57)

  

118.38

(2)

<0.001i

Current stable medication, n (%)

 • None

368

(83.83)

111

(72.08)

69

(72.63)

188

(98.95)

  

56.50

(2)

<0.001j

 • Painkillers

11

(2.50)

4

(2.60)

5

(5.26)

2

(1.05)

  

4.60

(2)

0.100

 • Sleep-inducing agents

3

(0.07)

3

(1.95)

0

(0.00)

0

(0.00)

  

1.87

(2)

0.394

 • Tranquilizers

6

(1.37)

5

(3.25)

1

(1.05)

0

(0.00)

  

6.74

(2)

0.034

 • Stimulants

0

(0.00)

0

(0.00)

0

(0.00)

0

(0.00)

  

–

–

–

 • Antidepressants

60

(13.67)

39

(25.32)

21

(22.34)

0

(0.00)

  

53.55

(2)

<0.001k

 • Mood stabilizers

2

(0.00)

0

(0.00)

2

(2.11)

0

(0.00)

  

7.28

(2)

0.026

 • Neuroleptics

3

(0.00)

1

(0.65)

2

(2.11)

0

(0.00)

  

4.14

(2)

0.126

Symptom severity

 • SIGH-A totala

24.38

(5.94)

24.73

(5.94)

24.28

(6.08)

22.56

(5.17)

  

1.46

(2,271)

0.235

 • CGI

4.69

(0.76)

4.93

(0.70)

4.95

(0.67)

4.37

(0.74)

  

34.52

(2,436)

<0.001l

 • PAS

18.31

(10.40)

22.06

(9.26)

13.83

(9.72)

12.52

(10.46)

  

26.83

(2,269)

<0.001m

 • LSAS

49.25

(32.40)

37.66

(25.03)

72.28

(25.56)

47.12

(34.93)

  

40.76

(2,435)

<0.001n

 • DSM-5 SPb

12.74

(9.74)

14.25

(9.68)

10.46

(9.34)

12.65

(9.79)

  

11.12

(2,271)

<0.001o

 • ASI

22.30

(12.50)

29.04

(10.88)

24.19

(9.47)

15.89

(11.90)

8.67

(6.20)

61.87

(2,436)

<0.001p

 • BDI-II

11.67

(10.18)

15.71

(9.00)

19.16

(10.06)

4.62

(5.71)

2.28

(3.37)

133.62

(2,435)

<0.001q

Site/scanner, n (%)

 • TrioTrim 1

60

(13.7)

29

(18.8)

30

(31.6)

1

(0.5)

15

(14.3)

   

 • Verio

19

(4.3)

7

(4.5)

6

(6.3)

6

(3.2)

10

(9.5)

   

 • TrimTrio 2

59

(13.4)

31

(20.1)

24

(25.3)

4

(2.1)

14

(13.3)

   

 • Skyra (SpiderVR & PROTECT-AD)

112

(25.5)

14

(9.1)

10

(10.5)

88

(46.3)

15

(14.3)

   

 • Philipps

28

(6.4)

16

(10.4)

11

(11.6)

1

(0.5)

14

(13.3)

   

 • TrimTrio 3 (shared by two sites)

56

(12.8)

42

(27.3)

9

(9.5)

5

(2.6)

26

(34.8)

   

 • Prisma (SpiderVR & PROTECT-AD)

105

(23.9)

15

(9.7)

5

(5.3)

85

(44.7)

11

(10.5)

   
  1. All patients N = 439; PD/AG N = 154; SAD N = 95; SP N = 190
  2. SIGH‐A structured interview guide for the Hamilton anxiety rating scale, CGI clinical global impression scale, BSI brief symptom inventory, BDI‐II beck depression inventory‐II, ASI anxiety sensitivity index, PAS panic and agoraphobia scale, LSAS Liebowitz social anxiety scale, DSM‐5 SP Scale dimensional specific phobia scale for DSM‐5.
  3. aOnly patients from PROTECT-AD (N = 273).
  4. bOnly SP patients from PROTECT-AD (N = 25).
  5. cHC < SP
  6. dSAD < HC
  7. ePD/AG, SAD, HC < SP
  8. fSP < SAD, HC < PD/AG
  9. gSP < PD/AG, SAD
  10. hPD/AG, SAD < SP
  11. iPD/AG, SAD > SP
  12. jPD/AG, SAD > SP
  13. kSP < SAD < PD/AG
  14. lSP < PD/AG, SAD
  15. mSAD, SP < PD/AG
  16. nPD/AG < SP < SAD
  17. oSAD < SP < PD/AG
  18. pHC < SP < PD/AG, SAD
  19. qHC < SP < PD/AG, SAD
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