Table 1 Baseline demographic characteristics and connectivity.

From: Neuroimaging changes in major depression with brief computer-assisted cognitive behavioral therapy compared to waitlist

 

MDD

  

Variable

Early (n = 36)

Waitlist (n = 36)

HC (n = 40)

Pa

Sexb

   

0.56

 Female

26 (72%)

26 (72%)

26 (65%)

 

 Male

10 (28%)

10 (28%)

14 (35%)

 

Age, yearsc

30 ± 8.7

29 ± 9.8

28 ± 8.0

0.38

Education, yearsc,d

15.5 ± 1.84

15.4 ± 2.46

16.2 ± 1.66

0.04

Prior depressive episodes, nc,e

3.8 ± 3.88

6.9 ± 9.60

–

–

MADRS scorec,f

26.7 ± 4.67

26.9 ± 5.23

0.8 ± 1.35

< 0.001

BDI scorec,g

27.4 ± 8.37

26.8 ± 8.28

1.0 ± 1.32

< 0.001

Connectivity, \(r\)zc

 L dlPFC

  FPN

0.38 ± 0.19

0.29 ± 0.22

0.29 ± 0.21

0.53

  R dlPFC

0.41 ± 0.19

0.38 ± 0.25

0.39 ± 0.21

0.52

  sgACC (BA25)

0.12 ± 0.15

0.15 ± 0.11

0.13 ± 0.15

0.41

  sgACC (Cash 10 mm sphere)

0.04 ± 0.14

0.07 ± 0.10

0.04 ± 0.14

0.39

  sgACC (BA25 seedmap)

0.51 ± 0.21

0.65 ± 0.21

0.54 ± 0.17

0.15

  Nucleus accumbens

0.05 ± 0.15

0.06 ± 0.11

0.05 ± 0.11

0.52

  Amygdalae

−0.14 ± 0.14

−0.11 ± 0.11

−0.10 ± 0.13

0.18

  Hippocampi

−0.08 ± 0.15

−0.05 ± 0.13

−0.05 ± 0.13

0.56

  Dorsal anterior insulae

0.02 ± 0.22

−0.05 ± 0.20

0.01 ± 0.17

0.38

  Ventral anterior insulae

−0.22 ± 0.18

−0.24 ± 0.17

−0.18 ± 0.15

0.09

 DMN

  FPN

0.15 ± 0.19

0.13 ± 0.17

0.12 ± 0.20

0.57

  sgACC (BA25)

0.36 ± 0.13

0.39 ± 0.11

0.39 ± 0.15

0.54

  sgACC (Cash 10 mm sphere)

0.31 ± 0.13

0.33 ± 0.10

0.32 ± 0.15

0.88

  sgACC (BA25 seedmap)

1.09 ± 0.16

1.19 ± 0.18

1.13 ± 0.17

0.64

  Nucleus accumbens

0.12 ± 0.13

0.16 ± 0.11

0.15 ± 0.12

0.71

  Amygdalae

−0.001 ± 0.13

0.02 ± 0.14

0.04 ± 0.14

0.12

  Hippocampi

0.20 ± 0.15

0.20 ± 0.17

0.23 ± 0.15

0.24

  Dorsal anterior insulae

−0.28 ± 0.19

−0.31 ± 0.21

−0.32 ± 0.18

0.78

  Ventral anterior insulae

−0.41 ± 0.17

−0.40 ± 0.19

−0.39 ± 0.18

0.26

 FPN

  DMN

0.15 ± 0.19

0.13 ± 0.17

0.12 ± 0.20

0.57

  L dlPFC

0.38 ± 0.19

0.29 ± 0.22

0.29 ± 0.21

0.53

  R dlPFC

0.81 ± 0.20

0.82 ± 0.19

0.78 ± 0.20

0.04

  sgACC (BA25)

−0.03 ± 0.14

−0.09 ± 0.13

−0.05 ± 0.13

0.81

  sgACC (Cash 10 mm sphere)

−0.08 ± 0.13

−0.10 ± 0.11

−0.08 ± 0.12

0.71

  sgACC (BA25 seedmap)

0.10 ± 0.19

0.08 ± 0.17

0.09 ± 0.19

> 0.99

  Nucleus accumbens

−0.04 ± 0.14

−0.08 ± 0.12

−0.04 ± 0.10

0.13

  Amygdalae

−0.25 ± 0.13

−0.30 ± 0.14

−0.29 ± 0.13

0.92

  Hippocampi

−0.20 ± 0.15

−0.23 ± 0.16

−0.23 ± 0.15

0.76

  Dorsal anterior insulae

0.22 ± 0.16

0.27 ± 0.16

0.25 ± 0.18

0.75

  Ventral anterior insulae

−0.10 ± 0.15

−0.07 ± 0.15

−0.08 ± 0.16

0.81

  1. MDD major depressive disorder, HC healthy control, MADRS montgomery-åsberg depression rating scale, BDI beck depression inventory–II, L dlPFC left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, FPN frontoparietal network, R dlPFC right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, sgACC subgenual cingulate cortex, BA Brodmann’s area, DMN default mode network.
  2. aMDD vs. HC. Connectivity pairs were compared using linear models adjusting for age, sex, and years of education. All other characteristics were compared using t-tests and χ2 tests.
  3. bn (%).
  4. cMean ± SD.
  5. dn = 36 early group, n = 35 waitlist group.
  6. en = 34 early group, n = 33 waitlist group.
  7. fn = 34 early group, n = 35 waitlist group.
  8. gn = 34 early group, n = 36 waitlist group.
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