Fig. 2

Small intestine inflammation occurs in the absence of bacteria, but is exacerbated by microbiota. a–d B6 mice under Specific Pathogen Free (SPF) or Germ-free (GF) conditions were infected (I) or not (NI) by 35 cysts of T.gondii and intestinal samples were collected 7 days post infection (n = 4–5 mice per group). a IFNγ, IL-1β, IL-22, TIMP1, KC, and MPO levels were determined by ELISA and b Reg3b and Reg3g transcripts by Q-PCR. c Relative parasite load was determined by Q-PCR. d Histological score of cell infiltration, exudate, edema and epithelium destruction was performed on 3 µm-thick paraffin embedded section after HE staining. e Representative HE staining of intestinal tissue. Scale bar=200 µm. Values are expressed as mean ± SEM. *, ** and *** refer to P < 0.05, P < 0.01 and P < 0.001, respectively.