Fig. 4

miR-219a-5p suppresses Th1/Th17 cell immune response. PB-CD4⁺ T cells were transduced with LV-miR-219a-5p, LV-miR-219a-5p sponge or LV-control as described in Fig. 3. a–d Supernatants were harvested to detect protein levels of IFN-γ, IL-17A, IL-21 and TNF-α by ELISA. e Intracellular expression of IFN-γ and IL-17A in these cells was measured by flow cytometry. f The percentages of IFN-γ⁺ and IL-17A⁺ CD4⁺ T cells in HC (upper panel), patients with CD (middle panel) and UC (lower panel) are shown. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 versus LV-control transduced CD4⁺ T cells. Data are representative of three independent experiments