Fig. 5: ERK signaling and GATA3 expression are reduced by bilirubin.

a Flow cytometric analysis of GATA3 expression in lung ILC2s from mice treated with UCB or vehicle (Veh) upon papain administration (n = 3). Both representative results (left) and mean ± SEMs were shown. MFI mean fluorescence intensity. b Flow cytometric analysis of GATA3 expression in sorted lung ILC2s treated with UCB (50 μM) or Vehicle in the presence of IL-2, IL-7 and IL-33 for 3 days. c The mRNA expression of Gata3, Il5, Il13, Il2ra and Cdkn2b (left), and Ets1, Rora and Gfi1 (right) in sorted lung ILC2s. d Lung ILC2s were infected with retrovirus expressing GATA3 or empty control, followed by treatment with UCB (50 μM) or Vehicle in the presence of IL-2, IL-7, IL-33 for 4 days. The amounts of IL-5 and IL-13 in the culture supernatants were measured by ELISA. e Flow cytometric analysis of p-ERK1/2 levels in lung ILC2s from mice treated with UCB or PBS vehicle in the papain model (n = 3). f Lung ILC2s were treated with vehicle or UCB (50 μM) and /or Honokiol (5 μM) and /or BIM1 (5 μM) in the presence of IL-2, IL-7 and IL-33 for 48 h. Flow cytometric analysis of p-ERK1/2 levels was performed. g Lung ILC2s were cultured in the presence of IL-2, IL-7, IL-33, with the indicated treatments for 3 days, the level of GATA3 was determined by flow cytometry. h The proliferation of lung ILC2s was determined by Ki-67 staining, after culture in the presence of IL-2, IL-7, and IL-33 with indicated treatments for 3 days. i The amounts of IL-5 and IL-13 in the supernatants from g were measured by ELISA. Data are representative of two (a, d and e) or three (b, c, and f–i) independent experiments. Error bars show mean ± SEM. Data were analyzed by unpaired Student’s t test (a–f) or one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post-test (g–i). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001, ns not significant.