Fig. 2: LPS-induced AM training is driven by type 1 interferon signaling.

a, b IL-6 levels of HISP-challenged (16 h) LPS-trained and control AMs, isolated six days after in vivo training (performed as described in Fig. 1) of Ifnar1^−/− and WT control mice (a) or Ifnar1^ΔCD169 and Ifnar1^fl/fl control mice (b). c Experimental setup for i.n. treatment with IFN-β (2000 U/mouse) or saline (control). AMs were isolated on day six, followed by ex vivo challenge with HISP (16 h). d IL-6 levels of IFN-β-trained and control AMs after ex vivo restimulation. e Experimental setup for in vitro LPS (10 ng/mL)- or IFN-β (800 U/ mL)- training of mexAMs, followed by in vitro HISP challenge (16 h) six days later. f IL-6 levels of control, LPS-trained and IFN-β-trained WT mexAMs after HISP challenge. g IL-6 levels of LPS-trained and control Ifnar1^ΔCD169 and Ifnar1^fl/fl mexAMs after HISP challenge. Graphs show means + SEM of 4-5 technical replicates. In (a–d), four biological replicates per group were pooled and seeded as technical replicates for stimulation. Data are representative of two independent experiments. Statistical analysis: two-way ANOVA (factor 1: training; factor 2: genotype) (a, b, g), student’s t-test (d) or one-way ANOVA (f). ns, not significant. *p ≤ 0.05, **p ≤ 0.01, ***p ≤ 0.001, ****p ≤ 0.0001.