Fig. 1: Study overview.

A Measurement-based psychiatry using validated rating scales such as the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) to measure severity of depression symptoms. HDRS total score is sum of severity of individual HDRS item (depressive symptom). B Heterogeneity of symptom severity in the training datasets (Mayo Clinic PGRN-AMPS and ISPC subjects) with HDRS total score of 25 at baseline. C Heterogeneity in longitudinal variations of HDRS total score in Mayo Clinic PGRN-AMPS and ISPC subjects treated with citalopram/escitalopram. D Proposed analyses workflow to build probabilistic graphical model (PGM) and derive individualized prognoses of treatment outcomes at 8 weeks using changes in severity of focused set of depressive symptoms between baseline and after 4 weeks of antidepressant treatment.