Fig. 3: Cluster characterization in the replication sample with clinical and genetic variables not used in the clustering pipeline.

B–H a horizontal line represents the mean, and the error bars indicate the standard deviation, whereas the dot size is proportional to the number of individuals with the given value. E–H show all PGS that were significant after Bonferroni correction (adjusted p < 0.05) in either one-vs-all or one-vs-one analyses using the Westfall and Young procedure (Methods S6) in the discovery-stage analysis. All p values for the full replication sample are shown in Tables S19 and S20. PGS were standardized by Z score transformation, the y axis unit are standard deviations. A The distribution of diagnoses within clusters. B The Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) score, used for sorting clusters. Lower scores imply more severe impairment. C The number of times an individual was hospitalized. D Medication load index [59], reflecting dose and variety of different medications taken. E Psychiatric cross-disorder PGS, replicated for the comparison cluster 0-vs-all (corrected p = 0.03). F Major depressive disorder PGS, replicated for the comparison cluster 4-vs-all (corrected p = 0.01). G Schizophrenia PGS, replicated for the comparison cluster 0-vs-all (p = 0.005). H Educational attainment PGS, replicated for the comparison cluster 4-vs-all (corrected p = 0.005).