Table 4 A Summary of End-of-Treatment Substance-use Outcomes in Neuromodulation for Substance Use Disorder Studies. [N = 4036, Participants; 94 Studies].
From: A systematic review and meta-analysis of neuromodulation therapies for substance use disorders
Substance Use Disorder | Neuromodulation Method | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) [Total N = 2406; 51 Studies] | Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) [Total N = 1582; 36 Studies] | Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) [Total N = 48; 7 Studies] | ||||
Population | Studies with Positive Outcomes (Effect Size – Active vs. Control) | Population | Studies with Positive Outcomes (Effect Size – Active vs. Control) | Population | Studies with Positive Outcome (Effect Size – Post vs. Pre.) | |
Alcohol [N = 1369; 34 Studies] | n = 607 (16 Studies) | 7/16 (44%) Hedge’s g = −1.01, 95% CI [−1.62, −0.40] | n = 734 (14 Studies) | 9/14 (64%) Hedge’s g = −0.31, 95% CI [−0.62, 0.002] | n = 28 (4 Studies) | 4/4 (100%) Hedge’s g = −2.36, 95% CI [−3.31, −1.41] |
Tobacco [N = 1239; 28 Studies] | n = 781 (16 Studies) | 14/16 (88%) Hedge’s g = −1.36, 95% CI [−2.09, −0.63] | n = 448 (11 Studies) | 7/11 (64%) Hedge’s g = −0.50, 95% CI [−0.87, −0.13] | n = 10 (1 Study) | 1/1 (100%) Hedge’s g = −0.40, 95% CI [−1.28–0.49] |
Cannabis [N = 33; 2 Studies] | n = 33 (2 Studies) | 1/2 (50%) Hedge’s g = 0.04, 95% CI [−0.49, 0.57] | n = 0 (0 Studies) | NA | n = 0 (0 Studies) | NA |
Cocaine [N = 321; 9 Studies] | n = 227 (6 Studies) | 3/6 (50%) Hedge’s g = −0.73, 95% CI [−1.57, 0.11] | n = 94 (3 Studies) | 1/3 (33%) Hedge’s g = −0.19, 95% CI [−0.27, −0.11] | n = 0 (0 Studies) | NA |
Methamphetamine [N = 714; 13 Studies] | n = 519 (8 Studies) | 7/8 (88%) Hedge’s g = −1.45, 95% CI [−3.22, 0.32] | n = 195 (5 Studies) | 5/5 (100%) Hedge’s g = −0.33, 95% CI [−0.89, 0.23] | n = 0 (0 Studies) | NA |
Opioid [N = 360; 9 Studies] | n = 239 (4 Studies) | 3/4 (75%) Hedge’s g = −0.99, 95% CI [−2.25, 0.27] | n = 111 (3 Studies) | 3/3 (100%) Hedge’s g = −1.85, 95% CI [−2.47, −1.23] | n = 10 (2 Studies) | 2/2 (100%) Hedge’s g = −5.75, 95% CI [−7.97 to −3.53] |
