Fig. 4: Effects of pharmacological manipulation of the LHb on response inhibition in wildtype rats.
From: Basal forebrain-lateral habenula inputs and control of impulsive behavior
A–C Effects of intra-LHb infusion of Saline (Sal), baclofen/muscimol (B/M) or scopolamine (Scop) on DS-NS responding (n = 8 male and 3 female rats). A Scop infusion into LHb significantly decreased responding during trials in which food pellet availability was signaled (DS, repeated measures 1-way ANOVA, F1.64,16.4 = 6.95, p = 0.009, p values from Dunnett’s post hoc test). B Scop and B/M significantly increased the percentage of NS trials (when reward was not available) in which responses occurred (repeated measures 1-way ANOVA, F1.4,14 = 7.79, p = 0.009, p values from Dunnett’s post hoc test). C Scop and B/M significantly increased the number of NS trial responses (repeated measures 1-way ANOVA, F1.67,16.73 = 3.87, p = 0.0478, p values from Dunnett’s post hoc test). D–G Effects of systemic injection of Δ9-THC (1 mg/kg) or vehicle on DS-NS responding in male and female rats. D Δ9-THC injection increased the percentage of NS trials in which responses were observed in male rats only (2-way mixed effects ANOVA, n = 8 males and 6 females, drug x sex interaction, F1,10 = 12.57, p = 0.0053). The numbers above bars in (D–G) represent post hoc comparison p values using the uncorrected Fisher’s Least Significant Difference test (uFLSD). The legend in (D) applies to panels (D–F). E Systemic Δ9-THC effect on the number of responses during NS trials in male and female rats (2-way ANOVA, Drug x Sex Interaction, F1,24 = 6.50, p = 0.0165). F No effect of Δ9-THC on percent of trials responding when reward availability was signaled (DS; 2-way mixed effects ANOVA, n = 10, F1,18 = 3.54, p = 0.080). G The increase in proportion of NS trial responses caused by systemic injection of Δ9-THC in male rats was prevented by infusion of AM251 into the LHb (n = 10; 2-Way RM ANOVA, systemic THC x AM251 infusion Interaction = F1,18 = 9.35, p = 0.0068).
