Fig. 2: Knockdown of Per2 in the CA1 region induces mania-like behaviors and downregulates CREB levels.

A Timeline of the AAV microinjections into CA1 and behavioral tests. B Injection site of AAV-pCAG-EGFP-pU6-shPer2/Scramble (left panel, scale bar: 1 mm) and viral EGFP expression (right panel, scale bar: 100 µm) in the CA1 region. Representative western blot (C) and quantification of PER2 protein levels (D) (n = 6 rats per group). The effects of AAV-shPer2/scramble infusion into the CA1 region (n = 10 rats per group) on sucrose preference in SPT (E), immobility time in the FST (F), time spent in open arms of EPM (G), total distance (H) and time spent in central zone (I) of OFT. Representative western blot (J) and quantification of the relative protein levels of CREB in CA1 at ZT02 (K) (n = 5–6 rats per group). D–H: Two-tailed Student’s t test, I & K: Mann–Whitney test: *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01). Data are presented as mean ± SEM and the individual data points are depicted. See also Supplementary Fig. S2 and Supplementary Table S1. Some of the sketches were made with biorender.com.