Table 3 Effects of sex hormone on metabolic parameters in normal diet-fed male and female rats.

From: Sexual dimorphism in cardiometabolic and cardiac mitochondrial function in obese rats following sex hormone deprivation

Metabolic parameters

4 weeks of dietary consumption

8 weeks of dietary consumption

12 weeks of dietary consumption

Male

Female

Male

Female

Male

Female

M-NDS

M-ORX

F-NDS

F-OVX

M-NDS

M-ORX

F-NDS

F-OVX

M-NDS

M-ORX

F-NDS

F-OVX

Body weight (g)

444 ± 14.3

420 ± 9.0*

270 ± 10.5

281 ± 6.0

452 ± 6.6

443 ± 8.6*

278 ± 5.8

305 ± 5.9*

485 ± 8.6

424 ± 6.8*

286 ± 4.0

334 ± 2.9*

Food intake (g/day)

23 ± 0.6

18 ± 0.4*

16 ± 0.5

16 ± 1.1

22 ± 0.5

16 ± 0.7*

15 ± 1.3

14 ± 1.1

21 ± 0.6

17 ± 0.9*

12 ± 0.7

14 ± 1.3

Visceral fats (g)

24 ± 1.5

17 ± 2.2*

12 ± 1.0

10 ± 1.0

30 ± 1.0

16 ± 0.6*

10 ± 0.5

10 ± 1.0

28 ± 1.9

22 ± 0.6*

11 ± 0.3

15 ± 0.9*

Plasma glucose (mg/dL)

126 ± 3.1

128 ± 8.2

123 ± 10.9

124 ± 10.9

125 ± 7.9

135 ± 8.2

127 ± 6.0

127 ± 6.0

136 ± 3.8

135 ± 5.1

124 ± 5.8

118 ± 6.9

Plasma insulin (ng/mL)

2.1 ± 0.4

2.0 ± 0.3

0.8 ± 0.1

0.9 ± 0.1

1.9 ± 0.2

1.9 ± 0.1

1.1 ± 0.1

1.6 ± 0.2*

2.1 ± 0.2

2.1 ± 0.2

0.8 ± 0.1

1.5 ± 0.3*

HOMA index

12.1 ± 2.1

10.7 ± 1.2

5.7 ± 0.4

6.1 ± 0.8

10.7 ± 1.4

11.6 ± 0.9

5.9 ± 1.0

10.7 ± 1.5*

13.4 ± 1.4

12.4 ± 1.0

5.2 ± 0.4

12.4 ± 2.3*

Cholesterol (mg/dL)

89 ± 3.5

91 ± 5.0

99 ± 6.7

98 ± 8.5

91 ± 4.1

93 ± 4.3

109 ± 6.1

106 ± 2.8

89 ± 4.7

100 ± 3.2

92 ± 4.6

115 ± 15.1

HDL (mg/dL)

30 ± 1.0

32 ± 1.6

31 ± 1.3

33 ± 1.9

34 ± 1.8

33 ± 0.3

31 ± 1.9

34 ± 0.6

33 ± 0.3

34 ± 1.6

29 ± 1.2

29 ± 1.5

LDL (mg/dL)

60 ± 2.6

65 ± 1.5

76 ± 5.3

78 ± 6.7

58 ± 4.5

68 ± 6.6

78 ± 5.1

89 ± 3.4

63 ± 4.6

73 ± 7.5

71 ± 8.0

79 ± 3.9

Triglyceride (mg/dL)

135 ± 12.1

139 ± 8.1

35 ± 3.4

30 ± 2.4

129 ± 7.7

130 ± 8.4

45 ± 4.0

41 ± 3.0

133 ± 12.1

135 ± 10.2

40 ± 4.1

41 ± 3.4

Serum MDA (µmol/mL)

4.6 ± 0.03

5.3 ± 0.12*

3.5 ± 0.42

3.6 ± 0.37

5.0 ± 0.07

5.7 ± 0.12*

3.5 ± 0.31

3.8 ± 0.55

4.2 ± 0.4

5.2 ± 0.05*

3.5 ± 0.21

4.1 ± 0.28*

Cardiac MDA (µmol/mL)

1.5 ± 0.26

3.1 ± 0.76*

2.4 ± 0.43

2.6 ± 0.61

2.0 ± 0.22

4.7 ± 1.01*

2.6 ± 0.39

2.5 ± 0.20

2.3 ± 0.60

6.1 ± 0.75*

4.3 ± 0.81

6.3 ± 0.76*

  1. HDL high-density lipoprotein, HOMA homeostatic model assessment, LDL low-density lipoprotein, M-NDS male normal diet sham, MDA malondialdehyde, M-ORX male orchiectomy, F-NDS female normal diet sham, F-OVX female ovariectomy.
  2. *P < 0.05 vs. age-matched NDS in the same gender.
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