Table 4 Effects of dietary consumption on metabolic parameters in male and female rats.

From: Sexual dimorphism in cardiometabolic and cardiac mitochondrial function in obese rats following sex hormone deprivation

Metabolic parameters

4 weeks of dietary consumption

8 weeks of dietary consumption

12 weeks of dietary consumption

Male

Female

Male

Female

Male

Female

M-NDS

M-HFS

F-NDS

F-HFS

M-NDS

M-HFS

F-NDS

F-HFS

M-NDS

M-HFS

F-NDS

F-HFS

Body weight (g)

444 ± 14.3

482 ± 12.4*

270 ± 10.5

285 ± 7.7*

452 ± 6.6

526 ± 14.7*

278 ± 5.8

306 ± 10.3*

485 ± 8.6

588 ± 19.8*

286 ± 4.0

344 ± 8.7*

Food intake (g/day)

23 ± 0.6

24 ± 0.1

16 ± 0.5

17 ± 0.4

22 ± 0.5

23 ± 0.1

15 ± 1.3

16 ± 0.6

21 ± 0.6

22 ± 0.5

12 ± 0.7

16 ± 0.8*

Visceral fats (g)

24 ± 1.5

35 ± 2.2*

12 ± 1.0

20 ± 1.6*

30 ± 1.0

51 ± 2.5*

10 ± 0.5

25 ± 1.6*

28 ± 1.9

51 ± 4.6*

11 ± 0.3

32 ± 2.0*

Plasma glucose (mg/dL)

126 ± 3.1

130 ± 8.2

123 ± 10.9

125 ± 12.5

125 ± 7.9

127 ± 5.2

127 ± 6.0

134 ± 8.3

136 ± 3.8

133 ± 4.4

124 ± 5.8

135 ± 10.0

Plasma insulin (ng/mL)

2.1 ± 0.4

2.1 ± 0.2

0.8 ± 0.1

0.9 ± 0.1

1.9 ± 0.2

2.9 ± 0.1*

1.1 ± 0.1

1.5 ± 0.2*

2.1 ± 0.2

3.4 ± 0.1*

0.8 ± 0.1

1.5 ± 0.2*

HOMA index

12.1 ± 2.1

11.2 ± 0.9

5.7 ± 0.4

6.5 ± 1.7

10.7 ± 1.4

16.6 ± 1.0*

5.9 ± 1.0

13.9 ± 3.4*

13.4 ± 1.4

20.1 ± 1.0*

5.2 ± 0.4

13.3 ± 2.9*

Cholesterol (mg/dL)

89 ± 3.5

96 ± 4.1

99 ± 6.7

99 ± 10.6

91 ± 4.1

104 ± 5.5*

109 ± 6.1

101 ± 3.5

89 ± 4.7

109 ± 5.8*

92 ± 4.6

134 ± 13.3*

HDL (mg/dL)

30 ± 1.0

29 ± 1.7

31 ± 1.3

28 ± 2.1

34 ± 1.8

27 ± 1.6*

31 ± 1.9

29 ± 1.8

33 ± 0.3

29 ± 2.1*

29 ± 1.2

28 ± 1.4

LDL (mg/dL)

60 ± 2.6

67 ± 5.3

76 ± 5.3

74 ± 8.6

58 ± 4.5

77 ± 8.1*

78 ± 5.1

83 ± 4.6

63 ± 4.6

82 ± 7.6*

71 ± 8.0

85 ± 15.2

Triglyceride (mg/dL)

135 ± 12.1

138 ± 15.6

35 ± 3.4

36 ± 4.0

129 ± 7.7

116 ± 17.7

45 ± 4.0

46 ± 1.4

133 ± 12.1

146 ± 8.8

40 ± 4.1

42 ± 3.1

Serum MDA (µmol/mL)

4.6 ± 0.03

5.0 ± 0.1

3.5 ± 0.42

3.5 ± 0.09

5.0 ± 0.07

5.8 ± 0.14*

3.5 ± 0.31

3.7 ± 0.48

4.2 ± 0.4

5.9 ± 0.78*

3.5 ± 0.21

5.9 ± 0.78*

Cardiac MDA (µmol/mL)

1.5 ± 0.26

1.5 ± 0.15

2.4 ± 0.43

2.3 ± 0.04

2.0 ± 0.22

4.4 ± 0.05*

2.6 ± 0.39

2.8 ± 0.81

2.3 ± 0.60

5.6 ± 0.24*

4.3 ± 0.81

6.4 ± 0.26*

  1. HDL high-density lipoprotein, HOMA homeostatic model assessment, LDL low-density lipoprotein, MDA malondialdehyde, M-NDS male normal diet sham, M-HFS male high-fat diet sham, F-NDS female normal diet sham, F-HFS female high-fat diet sham.
  2. *P < 0.05 vs. age-matched NDS in the same gender.
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