Table 5 Effects of dietary consumption combined with sex hormone deprivation on metabolic parameters in male and female rats.

From: Sexual dimorphism in cardiometabolic and cardiac mitochondrial function in obese rats following sex hormone deprivation

Metabolic parameters

4 weeks of dietary consumption

8 weeks of dietary consumption

12 weeks of dietary consumption

Male

Female

Male

Female

Male

Female

M-NDS

M-HFO

F-NDS

F-HFO

M-NDS

M-HFO

F-NDS

F-HFO

M-NDS

M-HFO

F-NDS

F-HFO

Body weight (g)

444 ± 14.3

458 ± 12.0

270 ± 10.5

327 ± 4.4*

452 ± 6.6

498 ± 11.6*

278 ± 5.8

388 ± 8.5*

485 ± 8.6

508 ± 19.6

286 ± 4.0

422 ± 9.0*

Food intake (g/day)

23 ± 0.6

23 ± 0.3

16 ± 0.5

18 ± 0.3

22 ± 0.5

21 ± 0.4

15 ± 1.3

17 ± 0.5

21 ± 0.6

20 ± 0.4

12 ± 0.7

15 ± 0.9

Visceral fats (g)

24 ± 1.5

29 ± 0.6*

12 ± 1.0

22 ± 2.2*

30 ± 1.0

37 ± 2.3*

10.5 ± 1.1

30 ± 2.2*

28 ± 1.9

28 ± 3.5

11 ± 0.3

34 ± 1.0*

Plasma glucose (mg/dL)

126 ± 3.1

126 ± 8.5

123 ± 10.9

123 ± 8.8

125 ± 7.9

135 ± 9.9

127 ± 6.0

153 ± 15.4*

136 ± 3.8

136 ± 7.3

124 ± 5.8

165 ± 6.5*

Plasma insulin (ng/mL)

2.1 ± 0.4

2.4 ± 0.4

0.8 ± 0.1

1.1 ± 0.1

1.9 ± 0.2

3.4 ± 0.7*

1.1 ± 0.1

1.7 ± 0.2*

2.1 ± 0.2

3.6 ± 0.7*

0.8 ± 0.1

1.4 ± 0.2*

HOMA index

12.1 ± 2.1

13.5 ± 1.6

5.7 ± 0.4

7.1 ± 1.4

10.7 ± 1.4

18.1 ± 3.0*,

5.9 ± 1.0

16.1 ± 1.5*

13.4 ± 1.4

20.5 ± 2.8*

5.2 ± 0.4

16.2 ± 1.7*

Cholesterol (mg/dL)

89 ± 3.5

97 ± 6.8

99 ± 6.7

105.8 ± 13.4

91 ± 4.1

114 ± 5.0*

109 ± 6.1

139 ± 3.3*

89 ± 4.7

129 ± 9.8*

92 ± 4.6

160 ± 16.1*

HDL (mg/dL)

30 ± 1.0

28 ± 2.2

31 ± 1.3

29 ± 1.3

34 ± 1.8

27 ± 3.2*

31 ± 1.9

30 ± 1.8

33 ± 0.3

30 ± 1.5*

29 ± 1.2

29 ± 1.8

LDL (mg/dL)

60 ± 2.6

65 ± 8.9

76 ± 5.3

80 ± 8.3

58 ± 4.5

90 ± 6.7*

78 ± 5.1

119 ± 3.1*

63 ± 4.6

95 ± 8.1*

71 ± 8.0

127 ± 15.7*

Triglyceride (mg/dL)

135 ± 12.1

140 ± 8.9

35 ± 3.4

32 ± 4.2

129 ± 7.7

132 ± 2.4

45 ± 4.0

46 ± 4.4

133 ± 12.1

133 ± 4.3

40 ± 4.1

42 ± 3.1

Serum MDA (µmol/mL)

4.6 ± 0.03

5.4 ± 0.26*

3.5 ± 0.42

3.3 ± 0.18

5.0 ± 0.07

5.6 ± 0.12*

3.5 ± 0.31

4.7 ± 0.16*

4.2 ± 0.4

5.4 ± 0.15*

3.5 ± 0.21

4.6 ± 0.28*

Cardiac MDA (µmol/mL)

1.5 ± 0.26

5.2 ± 0.78*

2.4 ± 0.43

3.7 ± 1.3

2.0 ± 0.22

5.1 ± 0.35*

2.6 ± 0.39

3.5 ± 0.95*

2.3 ± 0.60

7.0 ± 0.67*

4.3 ± 0.81

6.8 ± 0.76*

  1. HDL high-density lipoprotein, HOMA homeostatic model assessment, LDL low-density lipoprotein, MDA malondialdehyde, M-NDS male normal diet sham, M-HFO male high-fat diet with orchiectomy, F-NDS female normal diet sham, F-HFO female high-fat diet with ovariectomy.
  2. *P < 0.05 vs. age-matched NDS in the same gender.
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