Table 1 Characteristics of the participants according to sex and osteoporosis status.

From: Hemoglobin level and osteoporosis in Chinese elders with type 2 diabetes mellitus

 

Male (n = 286)

Female (n = 287)

Osteoporosis n = 55

Non-osteoporosis n = 231

P

Osteoporosis n = 122

Non-osteoporosis n = 165

P

Demographics

 Age (years)

66.79 ± 7.98

67.32 ± 6.74

0.611

69.56 ± 7.69

66.54 ± 5.79

<0.001

 Diabetes duration (years)

18.91 ± 7.56

15.28 ± 8.59

0.195

15.44 ± 8.31

14.14 ± 7.74

0.474

 BMI (kg/m2)

24.55 ± 4.12

26.01 ± 3.28

0.017

24.52 ± 3.43

26.44 ± 3.74

<0.001

Biochemical markers

 HbA1c (%)

8.59 ± 1.67

8.50 ± 1.90

0.887

8.49 ± 1.95

8.43 ± 1.90

0.776

 FBG (mmol/L)

8.89 ± 3.80

9.23 ± 3.39

0.524

9.32 ± 3.80

9.48 ± 3.59

0.724

 HOMA-IR

3.31 (2.39–8.81)

4.83 (2.33-8.24)

0.433

5.33 (2.84–10.80)

6.03 (3.27–9.44)

0.667

 eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m2)

93.41 ± 28.80

92.32 ± 26.80

0.790

80.92 ± 28.09

93.28 ± 27.99

<0.001

 Hemoglobin (g/L)

135.98 ± 16.20

142.84 ± 13.78

0.002

126.85 ± 12.54

128.73 ± 15.45

0.273

 Anemia (n, %)

20 (36.36)

32 (13.85)

<0.001

32 (26.23)

33 (20.00)

0.213

 25(OH) D3 (ng/mL)

20.57 ± 9.12

22.04 ± 8.83

0.271

18.69 ± 7.29

18.91 ± 8.37

0.811

 hs-CRP (mg/L)

2.38 (1.31–4.84)

1.98 (1.25–3.54)

0.077

2.16 (1.23–3.94)

2.55 (1.72–4.31)

0.146

 Interleukin-6 (pg/ml)

4.45 (2.58–7.51)

3.66 (2.28–6.28)

0.392

4.16 (2.41–6.91)

3.42 (2.03–5.39)

0.053

Comorbidities

 Hypertension (n, %)

29 (52.73)

128 (55.41)

0.719

62 (50.82)

88 (53.33)

0.673

 Stroke (n, %)

7 (12.73)

45 (19.48)

0.243

25 (20.49)

36 (21.82)

0.786

 Coronary heart disease (n, %)

15 (27.27)

92 (39.83)

0.084

42 (34.43)

52 (31.52)

0.603

 Retinopathy (n, %)

18 (32.73)

66 (28.57)

0.543

35 (28.69)

42 (25.45)

0.541

 Nephropathy (n, %)

9 (16.36)

48 (20.78)

0.461

19 (15.57)

18 (10.91)

0.244

 Neuropathy (n, %)

27 (49.09)

98 (42.42)

0.312

59 (48.36)

79 (47.88)

0.936

  1. Data are shown as the mean ± standard deviation or median (interquartile range) or percentage.
  2. BMI Body mass index, HbA1c Hemoglobin A1c, FBG Fasting blood glucose, HOMA-IR Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, eGFR Estimated glomerular filtration rate, 25(OH)D3 25-OH vitamin D3, hs-CRP High-sensitivity C-reactive protein.
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